1. 10/25/2015.1 AS Level Sport and Physical Education Feedback

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES  To understand knowledge of the importance of feedback  To understand the types of feedback and their uses CONTENTS 1. - FEEDBACK - IMPORTANCE 2. - FEEDBACK - INTRINSIC 3. - FEEDBACK - EXTRINSIC / KNOWLEDGE OF PERFORMANCE / RESULTS 4. - FUNCTIONS OF EXTRINSIC FEEDBACK MOTIVATION / REINFORCING / INFORMATION FEEDBACK DEPENDENCY 5. - FEEDBACK CONCURRENT / TERMINAL / POSITIVE / NEGATIVE.2

3. FEEDBACK 10/25/2015.3 FEEDBACK information which is used during and after an action or movement BRAINSTORM

4. IMPORTANCE OF FEEDBACK.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF FEEDBACK visual feedback for the beginner helps the performer to gain insight into a performance and its quality demonstration of faults and corrections as feedback should be correct, since the performer will attempt to imitate the demonstration verbal feedback should be restricted during the early stages of learning since too much information can confuse the performer during the later stages of learning, the performer should have extra attentional capacity which should enable greater detail to be communicated asking questions about the feelings involved in a performance is a form of feedback the importance of feedback is high to the coach (or teacher) teaching a performer skills since knowledge of performance is a way of improving skill levels

5. FEEDBACK.5 TYPES OF FEEDBACK 1. INTRINSIC FEEDBACK this is sensory information –from the performer’s own sensory system which normally occurs when individuals produce movement intrinsic feedback received from outside the body is known as exteroceptive feedback –sight – e.g - the view of other competitors in a game –hearing – e.g - the sounds of crowd –smell – e.g of other competitors! intrinsic feedback from within the body is known as proprioceptive feedback –proprioception - the position and angles of limbs and tension in muscles = e.g feeling a good shot GIVE 2 EXAMPLES OF INTRINSIC FEEDBACK?

6. FEEDBACK 10/25/2015.6 TYPES OF FEEDBACK 2. EXTRINSIC FEEDBACK KNOWLEDGE OF PERFORMANCE information about a performance (its quality / rhythm / aesthetics) –from a coach –from video –from the press / TV CAN YOU GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH? KNOWLEDGE OF RESULTS information about the outcome of a performance –success or failure –distance / height / time this information can be from a number of sources –coach –video –press / TV CAN YOU GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EACH?

7. Example of Knowledge of Performance.7

8. Example of Knowledge of Results 10/25/2015.8 Premier League Table - November 30 2009 PosTeamPWDLFAGDPts 1Chelsea1412023682836 2Manchester United14101330131731 3Tottenham Hotspur1482433191426 4Arsenal138143618 25 5Liverpool1472531201123 6Aston Villa146532214823 7Manchester City135712417722 8Sunderland1462621201 9Stoke City145541315-220 10Fulham145451816219 11Birmingham City145361214-218

9.  Category Player/Team Total  Top Shooter - Didier Drogba (Chelsea) - 63  Top Passer - Javier Mascherano (Liverpool) - 916  Top Tackler Hendry Thomas (Wigan) - 72  Most Dribbles & Runs Shaun Wright-Phillips (Man City) - 92  Most Crosses Andy Reid (Sunderland) - 148  Most Offsides Darren Bent (Sunderland) - 25  Most Fouls Kevin Davies (Bolton) - 49  Team with most fouls - Hull - 227  Team with most shots - Chelsea - 239 10/25/2015.9

10. FUNCTIONS OF EXTRINSIC FEEDBACK 10/25/2015.10 MOTIVATIONAL success is motivational failure can act as a spur to motivation REINFORCING behaviour that is rewarded tends to be repeated so praise for a correct performance will act as positive reinforcement which will influence the performer to desire to repeat the correct performance INFORMATIONAL feedback provides information about errors hence the performer will be able to correct errors FEEDBACK DEPENDENCY some performers can become dependent on feedback –example : from a coach or significant other about the quality of performance or technical competence if this feedback is withdrawn or cannot be given then performance can deteriorate –as in a field event athlete in a major games who cannot function without feedback from a coach about his / her technique –and who therefore will fail

11. FEEDBACK 10/25/2015.11 OTHER TYPES OF FEEDBACK 3. CONCURRENT FEEDBACK occurs during a performance has the aim of improving skills or techniques while a performer is in action 4. TERMINAL FEEDBACK occurs after a performance has finished is important because it strengthens the schema in learning 5. POSITIVE FEEDBACK is feedback which gives information aimed at a constructive development of performance positive reinforcement, praise and encouragement about good performances the knowledge from poor performances which gives insight about errors and their possible correction 6. NEGATIVE FEEDBACK is information which could depress performance negative reinforcement, negative criticism about poor performances