1. Digital Libraries: Technological Advances and Social Impacts Presented by Jozsef Vass Multimedia Communications and Visualization Laboratory Department of Computer Engineering & Computer Science University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia, MO 65211

2. Overview zB. Schatz and H. Chen, “Digital Libraries: Technological Advances and Social Impacts,” IEEE Computer, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 45-50, Feb. 1999. zDigital Libraries zDigital Library Requirements zDigital Library Testbed zDigital Library Initiative - Phase 1 zDigital Library Initiative - Phase 2 zInternational Activities

3. Digital Libraries zWorld Wide Web (WWW): Everyday Use zExponential growth of WWW increases the importance of digital libraries zLot of information but search is unchanged since 1960s zNatural outcome of earlier federal funding of high-end computing systems and high performance networks zCollection of all kinds must be indexed efficiently yDifferent media type (text, image, video) yDifferent collection sizes yDifferent languages

4. Digital Libraries - Requirements zFederated repositories: Present distributed repositories as a coherent virtual collection zScalability: Efficient categorization, indexing, summarizing, and extraction as the size increases zInteroperability: Interoperability among heterogeneous repositories across networks zCollaboration: Teamwork sharing knowledge, experience, and resources zTestbed: Provide stable, accessible collections to researchers zCommunications:Timely dissemination of research results

5. Testbed Development zAccepted methodology to evaluate networked systems zTestbed: A prototype system with real collections and real users but supported as a research rather than commercial product zEvaluate the usefulness of information system features

6. Digital Library Initiative - Phase 1 zBest way to evaluate: Develop real-time testbeds zUS Government Digital Library Initiative (1994-1998) yParticipants: NSF, DARPA, and NASA zLarge amount of heterogeneous information can be coherently organized that can be searched and manipulated to yield useful knowledge zMore information: http://dli.grainger.uiuc.edu

7. Digital Library Initiative - Phase 1 zSix projects are supported: yUniversity of California at Berkeley: Environmental Planning and Geographic Information Systems yUniversity of California at Santa Barbara: The Alexandria Project: Spatially-Referenced Map Information yCarnegie Mellon University: Informedia Digital Video Library yUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Federating Repositories of Scientific Literature yUniversity of Michigan: Intelligent Agents for Information Location yStanford University: Interoperation Mechanisms Among Heterogeneous Services

8. Digital Library Initiative - Phase 2 zMotivated by the success of Phase 1 zParticipants: NSF, DARPA, NLM, Library of Congress, and National Endowment for the Humanities zTreat digital libraries as human-centered systems zBridge political and language boundaries zObjectives ySmaller projects as well yMedicine and Humanities yEmphasize more on testbeds zMore information: http://www.dli2.nsf.gov

9. Digital Library Initiative - Phase 2 zSpecial emphasis on health-related professionals zVariety of locations and multiple formats (print, image, graphics, video) zNLM offering two resources for DLI-2 yUnified Medical Language System yVisible Human Project

10. International Activities zEurope: National and EU funding zNSF-EU specify five working groups yInteroperability yMetadata yIntellectual Property Rights yResource Indexing yMultilingual Information Access zGlobal connections: International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions y1995: Libraries from 70 countries are connected y1998: Libraries from 100 countries are connected zChallenges: Connectivity & Training