1. VOCABULARY prehistoric – In prehistoric times, some people used shells as money. before human beings recorded events in writing standard – Long ago, food and animals were standard forms of payment. widely used or accepted primitive – Long ago, some people used stones as a primitive form of money. of or relating to early human culture shortage – I have plenty of pennies, but a shortage of dollar bills. a lack of something imitation – This fake dollar bill is an imitation of a real one. something that is made to look like something else function – The function of a piggy bank is to help you save money. to serve a particular purpose

2. VOCABULARY advantage – One advantage of using cash is that you don’t have to pay checking or credit card fees. a benefit; a plus definite – Henry’s allowance is a definite sum of money - $5 a week. exact; certain merchant – This merchant likes to be paid in cash; that one prefers checks. someone who owns or runs a business discount – Pizza Planet gives a $2 discount on large pizzas every Tuesday. an amount taken off the full price misfortune – Have you ever had the misfortune of losing some money? bad luck despite – Despite all our work on the fence, Rover still manages to get out. even with; in spite of

3. VOCABULARY random – The winning ticket will be drawn at random. without a plan or pattern gambling – Gambling is against the law in some states. playing games to win money option – People have the option to play the lottery or not to play. a choice temptation – Max gave in to the temptation to buy twenty lottery tickets. something that makes someone want to do something foolish or wrong replace – If you lose your winning ticket, you cannot replace it. to fill the place of something with something else concerned – Some people were concerned that lotteries cause people to waste their money. worried

4. VOCABULARY bonus – Rex’s paycheck included a $5 bonus for good work. something beyond what is expected employee – Three employees help Mr. Son run his store a person who is paid to do work wage – Mia earns a wage of $8 an hour. payment for work focus – Please focus on finishing your chores. to give all your attention to something support – Sondra must work two jobs to support her family. to supply with the things needed for life; to help hold up immigrant – Many immigrants come to the United States to work. a person who leaves one country to settle in another