1. Comparing Climate and Weather A Model U.S. Climate Reference Network Station LuAnn Dahlman NOAA Climate Program Office ESIP Federation Summer Meeting, July 12, 2011

2. 1971 — Annual 4 th of July Picnic — Minneapolis, Minnesota

3. 16171819 20 212223242526 27 28293031 13 1415 9 101112 6 7 8 23451 Hi: 74 Lo: 44 Pcp: 0 11 Hi: 72 Lo: 45 Pcp: 0 8 Hi: 62 Lo: 58 Pcp: 0.61” 9 Hi: 64 Lo: 58 Pcp: 0.09” 6 Hi: 86 Lo: 66 Pcp: 0 7 Hi: 82 Lo: 61 Pcp: 0 5 Hi: 82 Lo: 61 Pcp: 0 4 Hi: 84 Lo: 66 Pcp: 0 10 Hi: 74 Lo: 36 Pcp: 0 15 Hi: 86 Lo: 64 Pcp: 0 14 Hi: 85 Lo: 68 Pcp: 0 13 Hi: 85 Lo: 66 Pcp: 0 17 Hi: 81 Lo: 66 Pcp: 0 16 Hi: 84 Lo: 68 Pcp: 0 18 Hi: 82 Lo: 61 Pcp: 0 19 Hi: 82 Lo: 61 Pcp: 0 July

4. 1972 — 4 th of July Picnic — Minneapolis, Minnesota

6. 1980 — 4 th of July Picnic — Minneapolis, Minnesota

7. 1990 — Annual 4 th of July Picnic — Minneapolis, Minnesota

8. 2000 — Annual 4 th of July Picnic — Minneapolis, Minnesota

9. What has Charlie been measuring for 30 years? a.Climate b.Climate and Weather c.Weather

13. What is Charlie calculating? a.Climate b.Climate and Weather c.Weather

14. (1971-2000)

17. Climate normals for Minneapolis, 1971 - 2000

18. Compared to 2010 weather

19. Climate normals for Minneapolis, 1971 - 2000 Compared to 2009 weather

20. Climate normals for Minneapolis, 1971 - 2000 Compared to 2008 weather

21. Multigraph Climate Explorer http://climateexplorer.multigraph.org

22. Climate normals for Minneapolis, 1971 - 2000 Historically, three consecutive decades of weather observations have been used to describe climate

23. www.climate.gov

24. Now anticipating release of 30-year Climate Normals for 1981 – 2010 For Minneapolis, January minimums have increased by almost 3°F July maximums have decreased by about 0.5°F

25. Weather is what’s happening outside your window Atmospheric conditions that you can see, feel, or measure are weather.

26. Climate can be described by words or numbers, but you cannot touch it Temperature Statistics Dynamic normals based on fewer than 30 years are also being used to make comparisons

27. Temperature Statistics And though climate is often characterized by temperature alone…

28. Climate is really a multi-faceted concept

29. Decide if each of the following phrases describes climate or weather. Climate? or Weather?

30. Tells us what kind of clothes to wear Climate? or Weather?

31. Tells us what kind of clothes to wear Climate? or Weather

32. Tells us what kind of clothes to buy Climate? or Weather?

33. Tells us what kind of clothes to buy Climate? or Weather?

34. The picture that comes to your mind when you think of a faraway place Climate? or Weather?

35. The picture that comes to your mind when you think of a faraway place

36. California usually has a winter storm during the last week of December Climate? or Weather?

37. California usually has a winter storm during the last week of December Climate? or Weather?

38. How reliable do you think our weather records are for characterizing climate? A-Not reliable B-Somewhat reliable C-Very reliable D-Extremely reliable

39. U.S. Climate Reference Network Station

42. A quick look at the data: US Climate Reference Network Home page http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/crn/

43. How reliable do you think US Climate Reference Network records are for characterizing climate? 1-Not reliable 2-Somewhat reliable 3-Very reliable 4-Extremely reliable

44. NOAA also supports networks of instruments on buoys. These gather data from the depths of the ocean and at its surface

45. Human efforts facilitate and complement automated data collection

46. We launch weather balloons to learn about conditions in the lower atmosphere

47. Balloons and rockets carry data-gathering instruments into the upper atmosphere

48. and instruments on satellites monitor Earth’s status from orbit

49. From the bottom of the ocean to the top of the atmosphere, we monitor Earth’s climate system

50. Presentation prepared by LuAnn Dahlman, NOAA Climate Program Office luann.dahlman@noaa.gov Educators are welcome to share this electronic file.