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The Roman Empire Chapter 6, Section 2.

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Presentation on theme: "The Roman Empire Chapter 6, Section 2."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Roman Empire Chapter 6, Section 2

2 Roman Republic Collapses
Expansion = republican government becoming unstable Discontent among lower class

3 Economic Turmoil and Military Upheaval
100 B.C.- 1/3 of Rome’s pop. was enslaved persons Competition among farms Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus Generals seized power New loyal soldiers, not loyal to the republic

4 Julius Caesar Takes Control
60 B.C.: joined forces with Crassus and Pomey Elected to consul in 59 B.C. Triumvirate Disagreements with Pompey 44 B.C.: named dictator for life

5 Caesar’s Reforms Absolute ruler Opened up citizenship
Expanded the senate Created more jobs Assassination plot Caesar’s death

6 The Roman empire Section 2

7 Beginning of the Empire
Civil War Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus Octavian vs. Mark Antony Cleopatra Octavian = Augustus

8 Important Facts Cleopatra: b. 69 B.C. in Alexandria, Egypt; d. 30 B.C.
Daughter of Pharaoh Ptolemy XII Auletes Married her younger brother Ptolemy XIII, after his death married her younger brother Ptolemy XIV; later married Mark Antony Was the last pharaoh of Egypt; Rome took control of Egypt after her death Committed suicide after Mark Antony

9 Vast and Powerful Empire
207 years, peace throughout the empire Pax Romana- “Roman Peace” 3 million square miles

10 A Sound Government Efficient government Augustus Died in 14 A.D.
Stabilized the frontier Public buildings Civil service Died in 14 A.D. Spain to Mesopotamia, N. Africa to Britain

11 Roman Empire

12 Agriculture and Trade Agriculture was the most important industry
Common coinage (denaruius) Vast trade network Complex road system

13 Road System

14 The Roman World Values Living on the countryside
Discipline, strength, and loyalty Honored strength more than beauty Power more than grace Usefulness more than elegance Living on the countryside Living in Rome and smaller cities

15 Slaves and Captivity Significant part of Roman life
Most were conquered peoples Roman law: slaves were property Cities and farms Gladiators No slave revolt was successful More than 1 million died trying to gain freedom

16 Gods and Goddesses Numina Lares- guardian spirits
Government and religion linked Deities were symbols of the state Jupiter Juno Minerva

17 Society and Culture Large gap between social groups Colosseum
Rise of Christianity

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