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P. N. Vinayachandran Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore 560 012 Summer.

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Presentation on theme: "P. N. Vinayachandran Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore 560 012 Summer."— Presentation transcript:

1 P. N. Vinayachandran Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore 560 012 vinay@caos.iisc.ernet.in Summer School on Dynamics of North Indian Ocean June-July 2010 OGCM Application

2 The Unique Indian Ocean

3 The Indian Ocean Winds

4 Sea Surface Temperature

5 Atmospheric Convection

6 Salinity, December

7 Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool

8 Indian Ocean Warm Pool Oceanic Hot Spots for Monsoon (Joseph, 1990)

9 Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool

10 Monsoon Onset Vortex Monsoon onset over Kerala in 1998: June 2 25 May 1998 1 June 1998 (Deepa et al., Current Science, 2007)

11 Base code GFDL MOM4, 30S-30N; 30E – 120EBase code GFDL MOM4, 30S-30N; 30E – 120E Horizontal resolution: 0.25º X 0.25ºHorizontal resolution: 0.25º X 0.25º 40 Vertical Levels, 5m resolution in the top 60m40 Vertical Levels, 5m resolution in the top 60m Horizontal mixing: Chassignet and Garaffo (2001)Horizontal mixing: Chassignet and Garaffo (2001) Vertical mixing: KPP (Large et al., 1994)Vertical mixing: KPP (Large et al., 1994) Forced by daily dataForced by daily data High Resolution Indian Ocean Model Wind stress Wind speed, air temperature, humidity Incoming shortwave and longwave radiation, Chlorophyll Rainfall and river discharge

12 Warm pool : vertical structure (T)

13 Salinity Lakshadweep High Sea Level Anomaly (cm)

14 Warm Pool : Vertical Structure (salinity)

15 Shenoi et al., JGR, 1999; Rao et al., QJRMS 1999 Warm Pool Formation Hypothesis: Salinity effects

16 Mechanisms : Effect of Salinity Fixed Salinity (35psu) Experiment

17 Mechanisms : Mixed Layer Heat Budget Vialard and Delelcluse, 1998

18 Mechanisms : Mixed Layer Heat Budget

19 Mechanisms : Effect of Orography and Winds Net Heat Flux (W/m2) Wind Stress (Pa) Fields averaged over November-February period. What is the impact of this low winter cooling on spring warming ?

20 Model Experiments NWG_Winter - WIND, air temperature, and specific humidity over SEAS are replaced by mean value over Wbox during Nov-Feb period NWG_March – Same as NWG_winter, but the forcing fields are modified only for the month of March Mechanisms : Effect of Orography and Winds

21 Mechanisms : Effect of Mountains v/s salinity

22

23 Conclusion The formation of the mini warm pool in the Arabian Sea is due to the orographic effects of Sahydris (Western Ghats). Salinity effects are not necessary for its formation. Kurian, J. and P. N. Vinayachandran, 2007: J. Geophys. Res., 112, C05009. Kurian, J. and P. N. Vinayachandran, 2006: Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17611. Vinayachandran, P. N. and J. Kurian, 2007: Deep Sea Res. Part I, 54, 471-486. Vinayachandran, P. N., et al. 2007: Curr. Sci., 93(2), 203-214. Details in …

24 Intra-seasonal Cooling In the Southern Tropical Indian Ocean

25 South Indian Ocean Intra-seasonal Cooling

26 Evidence from Argo floats for upwelling/entrainment

27 Evidence from SeaWiFS chl for upwelling/entrainment

28 Vertical Processes Air-sea fluxes Obs. Processes

29 Conclusion Mixed layer cooling originating from upwelling and entrainment are crucial in determining intraseasonal cooling events in the southern tropical Indian Ocean Vinayachandran and Saji, GRL, 2008

30 Thank You Journals Conferences Conferences

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