1. A Smartphone Application for Improving Powered Seat Functions Usage: A Preliminary Test Yu-Kuang Wu, MS PT, Hsin-Yi Liu, MS PT, Josh Brown, BS, Annmarie Kelleher, MS OTR/L, Hongwu Wang, PhD, Rory A. Cooper, PhD A Smartphone Application for Improving Powered Seat Functions Usage: A Preliminary Test Yu-Kuang Wu, MS PT, Hsin-Yi Liu, MS PT, Josh Brown, BS, Annmarie Kelleher, MS OTR/L, Hongwu Wang, PhD, Rory A. Cooper, PhD

2. INTRODUCTION Powered wheelchair users who use powered seat functions  Unable to adjust their postures or manage their seating pressure independently because of motor and/ or sensory impairments The powered seat functions  Provide users with dynamic postural support  Help users perform pressure relief  Provide management of complications  Improve driving safety A tailored reminder system  Provide reminder to users to adjust powered seat function based on clinical recommendations  Extend training beyond the clinical setting and into real world situation

3. INTRODUCTION Virtual Seating Coach (VSC)  Install sensors on the wheelchair to monitor powered seat functions usage  Facilitate and instruct users to utilize powered seat functions based on clinical recommendations  Increase subjects' compliance with clinical recommendation  Increase 30% compliance of performing pressure relief  The preliminary findings encourage us to increase the number of individuals who can benefit from this application

4. Challenges of Current VSC  Time consuming for sensors installation.  Need case for every encoder  Require permanent modification to wheelchair  We have to provide our wheelchair to the users in the study.  Develop an easily and quickly installed system for most powered wheelchairs  Accelerometer  Tablet size and location  Interfere with daily activities  A compact display and computer device  Android smartphone INTRODUCTION

5. The purposes of this study are to  Develop an Android smartphone based virtual seating coach  Test the usability of this Android smartphone based virtual seating coach

6. Request data Broadcast data Two vectors (y and z axis) to determine the tilt angle The locations of accelerometers were placed

7. DESIGN GOALS Features  Quick installation  Easy to use  Reposition Reminder (powered seat functions usage & pressure relief reminders)  User performance feedback  Customize the coach application

8. QUICK INSTALLATION AND EASY TO USE Video Demo of System Installation

9. POWERED SEAT FUNCTIONS REMINDERS

10. POWERED SEAT FUNCTIONS REMINDERS - SAFETY DRIVING REMINDER Video Demo of Reposition Reminder

11. PRESSURE RELIEF REMINDER

12. Video Demo of Pressure Relief Reminder

13. USER PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK AND CUSTOMIZE THE COACH APPLICATION

14. 0: Totally Disagree 5: Totally Agree USABILITY TEST RESULT (N = 5)

16. CONCLUSION The improvements in this smartphone VSC include  User-friendly installation:  Using hook and loop fastener  Allow our system to be applied on various types of powered wheelchairs  Decrease the complexity of sensors’ installation.  Small size display  A smartphone application to display information and give reminders  Increase the flexibility for placement  Decrease the impact on wheelchair transfers and daily tasks.  Ongoing usability test  Gather their feedback for application design and information delivery  Improve the hardware and software design

17. REFERENCES  Trefler E, Schmeler M. State of the science white paper on seating for postural control. In: Brubaker CE, Brienza, DM, editors. Proceedings of Wheelchair Seating: A State of the Science Conference on Seating Issues for Persons with Disabilities; 2001 Feb 19–20; Rehabilitation Engineering Center on Wheeled Mobility and the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Orlando, FL. Pittsburgh (PA): University of Pittsburgh; 2001. p. 21–26 Easy to use.  Lange, M., Positioning: it's all in the angles. Advance for Occupational Therapy Practitioners, 2006.  Dicianno, B.E., et al., RESNA position on the application of tilt, recline, and elevating legrests for wheelchairs. Assist Technol, 2009. 21(1): p. 13-22; quiz 24.  Corfman, T.A., et al., Tips and falls during electric-powered wheelchair driving: effects of seatbelt use, legrests, and driving speed. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2003. 84(12): p. 1797-802.  Ding, D., et al., Virtual coach technology for supporting self-care. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, 2010. 21(1): p. 179-94.  Liu., H.-y., et al., Seating virtual coach: A smart reminder for power seat function usage. Technology and Disability, 2010. 22: p. 53-60.  Liu, H.-y., et al., Case Study: Pilot Test of Virtual Seating Coach Evaluated by Power Seat Function Users., Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America Conference, Baltimore, MD, June 28-July 3, 2012.

18. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT  National Science Foundation Quality of Life Technology Engineering Research Center (Grant EEC-0540865)  Department of Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation (Grant B3142C)  Department of Veterans Affairs Research and Development Merit Review Award: Power Seating Function Usage among Veterans - Compliance and Coaching (Grant B6591R)