1. PLANT TRANSPORT LECTURE Plants need a way to transport materials through their bodies, too. Vascular tissue – cells used by plant to transport nutrients and water.

2. Types of Vascular Tissue XYLEM – Dead cells that form “pipes” to carry water from roots through leaves. PHLOEM – Tubes made from living cells to transport food; phloem = food

3. Types of Vascular Tissue XYLEM – Only carries UP PHLOEM – Carries food in all directions (UP and DOWN)

4. MONOCOTS Definition – Have only one cotyledon (embryo leaf). Example – Corn, grass, tulips.

5. MONOCOTS Stem pattern – Scattered xylem and phloem. LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM SMALL CELLS ARE PHLOEM

6. MONOCOTS Root pattern – fibrous

7. MONOCOTS Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – ring

8. MONOCOTS Leaf pattern – veins are parallel

9. MONOCOTS Flower pattern – parts are in multiple of 3’s.

10. DICOTS Definition – Have two cotyledons (embryo leaves). Example – Trees, beans, carrots.

11. DICOTS Stem pattern – Ring- shaped xylem and phloem. LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM SMALL CELLS ON OUTSIDE ARE PHLOEM

12. DICOTS Root pattern – taproot

13. DICOTS Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – X-shape

14. DICOTS Leaf pattern – veins are branched.

15. DICOTS Flower pattern – parts are in multiples of 4’s or 5’s.

16. MATERIALS TRANSPORTED XYLEM – WATER DISSOLVED MINERALS HORMONES PHLOEM – FOOD/SUGAR OXYGEN HORMONES

17. GIRDLING Definition – Removing bark from a tree; fluid leaks out. Why is fluid sweet? Cutting phloem that transports sap (food). End result – Tree dies.

18. GIRDLING

19. HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Successive Osmosis – Water flows high to low Soil  root hairs  epidermis  cortex  xylem

20. HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Cohesion of water molecules – Water is “sticky”

21. HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Transpiration – Leaves “sweat” water which pulls water up xylem tube. More than 90% of water absorbed is lost by leaves. Ex. Tomato plant loses 25 gallons of water per season; corn plant loses 51 gallons.

22. HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Turgor presure – Weight of soil pushes down on roots and squeezes water up.

25. Monocot or Dicot? DicotMonocot

26. Monocot or Dicot? Dicot

31. DICOT ROOT 1 - Epidermis 2 - Cortex Where would root hairs be? How would you know where the starch is?