2. Magnetic Materials and Electromagnets Purpose Background Equipment List Procedure Data Discussion Conclusion

3. Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the magnetic properties of matter. This investigation included evaluating the properties of various permanent magnets, as well as measuring the variations of an electromagnet as a function of coil current.

4. Equipment List Neodymium-Iron-Boron Disk Magnet Ceramic Permanent Magnets Cardboard Spacers Cenco Electromagnet Power Supply Multimeter F.W. Bell Guass/Tesla Meter

5. Background information The beginning of Magnets Domain Theory Permanent Magnets Electromagnets Magnets as we know them in the world today.

6. Materials Commonly Used to Make Permanent Magnets Neodymium Iron Boron NeoForm-B Bonded NdFeB Samarium Cobalt Alnico Ceramic Ferrite

7. Neodymium Iron Boron Became Available in mid-1980 most commonly Produced Magnet Maximum Magnetic Energy - 26-28 MGOe’s Maximum Operating Temperature is 150 0 C Less Brittle than other magnets High resistance to Demagnetization

8. Ceramic Ferrite Magnets Have been around since the mid 1950’s Have a very Low relative cost Maximum Magnetic Energy - 4 MGOe’s Maximum Operating Temperature - is 300 0 C Moderate Resistance to Demagnetization Small Cracks and Chips are common

9. Convert Electrical Energy to Physical Motion

10. Convert Physical Motion to Electrical Energy

11. Produce Mechanical Energy

12. Control, Shape or Direct an Object or Substance

13. Procedure Measured the Gap Length for Neodymium-Iron-Boron Magnets and for Ceramic Magnets Measured how the Flux density changed as a function of magnet volume. Measured the Flux Density as a function of current for an electromagnet

14. Data - NdFeB Permanent Magnet

16. Data - Ceramic Permanent Magnet

18. Data - Electromagnet

19. Discussion Problems I encountered with the experiment Possible Sources of Error Interpretation of Data Possible Methods of Improving this experiment for accuracy. Other interesting Experiments that could be done on this subject.

22. Discussion Problems I encountered with the experiment Possible Sources of Error Interpretation of Data Possible Methods of Improving this experiment for accuracy. Other interesting Experiments that could be done on this subject.

23. Conclusion NdFeB magnets vs. Ceramic Magnets Electromagnets

24. References History was provied by The National Museum of Science and Technology at http://www.science- tech.nmstc.ca/engine.cfm?function=link&idx=1367&language=en glish#whatare Information about magnets was provided by Dexter Magnet Technologies at http://www.dextermag.com/