1. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration : Unit 8 Slide 1 Unit 8 Voice Over IP Network Fundamentals

2. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 2 Objectives Describe IP and IP network characteristics  Define and describe the OSI Reference Model.  Describe the function of each OSI Layer.  Compare and contrast addressing in Layer 2 and 3.  Define a transport mechanism.  Compare and contrast UDP and TCP. Compare and contrast Delay/Latency, Jitter, and PCM  Define the elements that cause Delay and Latency.  Define the causes for Jitter.  Describe PCM  Describe the uses of Voice compression and define its standards.  Define ECHO and the reasons for its occurrence.  Compare RTP with UDP and TCP.  Design a dial plan.

3. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 3 OSI Reference Model

4. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 4 Class A, B and C address formats

5. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 5 IP Packet Fields

6. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 6 End-to-End Delay

7. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 7 Variation of Packet Arrival Time (Jitter)

8. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 8 Frames Per Packet G.729 Sample per Frame IP/RTP/UDP Header Bandwidth Consumed Latency Default40 bytes24,000 bps25 ms Satellite40 bytes16,000 bps45 ms Low Latency40 bytes40,000 bps15 ms

9. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 9 Echo Caused by Impedance Mismatch

10. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 10 Packet Loss with G. 729

11. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 11 Voice Activity Detection

12. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 12 Tandem Switching Hierarchy

13. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 13 VoIP Tandem Encoding

14. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 14 Real-Time Header

15. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 15 Calling my Neighbor with Today’s PSTN

16. © 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT412 Voice and Data Integration: Unit 8 Slide 16 Calling with an IP Phone