1. Ukrainian culture as spiritual phenomena.

3. Patriarch Archdiocese/Archbishop Bishop/Diocese Priest/Parish Pope

4. Gregory I

8. Feudalism: Military Service for Land

14. Alfred the Great Unified The Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy

15. William I, the Conqueror Brought Norman Feudalism To England

17. John Was Forced To Sign the Magna Carta in 1215

18. Edward I Called a Parliament Of Lords and Commons

21. Philip IV Called the Estates- General to Raise Taxes

24. East & Central Europe Slavic people divided into 3 groups: western, eastern, & southern Slavs Western Slavs formed the Polish & Bohemian kingdoms Poles, Czechs, Hungarians were all converted to Christianity by German Monks Eastern Slavic people were converted to Orthodox Christianity by two Byzantine missionary brothers; Cyril & Methodius Croats, Serbs, & Bulgarians were converted to Eastern Orthodoxy

25. St. Cyril and St. Methodius

26. Russia Eastern Slavic people settled in present day Ukraine & Russia 8 th century, Swedish Vikings began to move in search of plunder & trade routes Vikings eventually dominated the native people Vikings named it Rus = where word Russia is derived

27. Kievan Rus Oleg, Viking leader, settled in Kiev at the beginning of 10 th century & created principality of Kiev Oleg successors expanded Kiev until it reached territory between Baltic & Black Seas, & Danube & Volga rivers Vikings married Slavic wives & gradually assimilated into the Slavic population Rus leader, Vladimir, married sister of Byzantine Emperor & officially accepted the Eastern Orthodox Church for all the people in 988 Kievan Rus prospered up until invasions brought an end to the 1 st Russian state in 1169

31. Vladimir I Chose Eastern Orthodoxy

32. Mongol Rule in Russia 13 th century, Mongols conquered Russia & forced Russian princes to pay tribute to them Alexander Nevsky, prince of Novgorood, defeated a German army in northwest Russia in 1242 Khan, leader of Mongolia, rewarded Nevsky title of grand prince Nevsky descendants became princes of Moscow & eventual leaders of Russia

33. Alexander Nevsky, Prince Of Novgorod

34. Constantinople

35. Emperor Justinian

38. Byzantine Art: Mosaics and Illuminated Manuscripts

39. Hagia Sophia

40. Crusades 11 th & 13 th centuries, European Christians carried out a series of military expeditions to take back the holy land from the Muslims Seljuk Turks won the battle of Manzikert & threatened Constantinople Crusades began when Pope Urban II responded to the request of Alexius I to liberate Jerusalem & Palestine Urban II called for crusades @ infidels Infidels were the non believers = Muslims, Jews

42. Alexius I Asked For Help and Urban II Called For the First Crusade

44. Louis VII and Conrad III Respond To Bernard of Clairvaux’s Call For a Second Crusade