2. İ.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı Prof Dr Ömer Küçükbasmacı

3. Introduction to Medical Microbiology Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus H5N1 avian influenza A virus Microbial classification sophisticated

4. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1674 a world of millions of tiny "animalcules Danish biologist Otto Müller genera and species according to the classification methods of Carolus Linnaeus 1840 the German pathologist Friedrich Henle Introduction to Medical Microbiology

5. Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur Anthrax, rabies, plague, cholera, and tuberculosis Paul Ehrlich 1910 “salvarsan” Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin in 1928 Introduction to Medical Microbiology

6. Gerhard Domagk's discovery of sulfanilamide in 1935 sulfanilamide Selman Waksman's discovery of streptomycin in 1943 Introduction to Medical Microbiology

7. Viruses The smallest infectious particles Diameter from 18 to nearly 300 nanometers Twenty-five families with more than 1550 species of viruses More than 40 genera implicated in human disease Introduction to Medical Microbiology

8. either DNA or RNA true parasites rapid replication and destruction of the cell a long-term chronic relationship Introduction to Medical Microbiology

9. Relatively simple Prokaryotic Cell wall: gram-negative or positive Introduction to Medical Microbiology

10. Fungi eukaryotic organisms a well-defined nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, and endoplasmic reticulum either in a unicellular form (yeast) that can replicate asexually a filamentous form (mold) that can replicate asexually and sexually Introduction to Medical Microbiology

11. Parasites are the most complex microbes eukaryotic unicellular and others are multicellular range in size from tiny protozoa as small as 1 to 2 μm in diameter (the size of many bacteria) to arthropods and tapeworms that can measure up to 10 meters in length Their life cycles are equally complex Introduction to Medical Microbiology

14. Relationship between many organisms and their diseases is not simple Treponema pallidum, syphilis; poliovirus, polio; Plasmodium species, malaria Staphylococcus aureus-endocarditis, pneumonia, wound infections, food poisoning Meningitis caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites Introduction to Medical Microbiology

15. Strict pathogens, rabies virus, Bacillus anthracis, Sporothrix schenckii, Plasmodium species exogenous infections and examples include diseases caused by influenza virus, Clostridium tetani, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Coccidioides immitis, and Entamoeba histolytica Introduction to Medical Microbiology

16. person's own microbial flora that spread to inappropriate body sites where disease can ensue (endogenous infections). The interaction between an organism and the human host is complex The virulence of the organism The site of exposure The host's ability to respond to the organism determine the outcome of this interaction Introduction to Medical Microbiology

17. Quality of the specimen The way its sent The method used The interpretation Introduction to Medical Microbiology

18. Koch's postulates are: The microorganism must be found in abundance in all organisms suffering from the disease, but should not be found in healthy animals. The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture The cultured microorganism should cause disease when introduced into a healthy organism. The microorganism must be reisolated from the inoculated, diseased experimental host and identified as being identical to the original specific causative agent.