1. 2011 年度河南省高等学校精品课程《高级英语》 (A New English Course, Book 5) Unit Three My Friend, Albert Einstein Copyright: Henan University of Technology 2012 Lecturer: Huang Huihui

2. Teaching Outline I. Teaching Objectives II. Background Information III. Warming-up: Listening and Speaking IV. Text Structure V. Discourse Analysis VI. Theme-related Reading and Translating VII. Theme-related Writing

3. I. Teaching Objectives 1 Albert Einstein [ Thematic Concern ] 2 [ Linguistic Competence ] Paraphrasing and rewriting 3 [ Discourse Analysis ] 4 [ Encyclopedic Knowledge ] Albert Einstein Description developed by examples

4. II. Background Information 1. About the author:

5. II. Background Information 2. Mozart : Mozart, (1756-1791): Austrian composer, one of the world’s great musical geniuses, wrote masterpieces in every branch of music. During his short life, Mozart composed a great volume of music. His 789 compositions include operas, symphonies, concertos 协奏曲, quartets for the piano and for stringed instruments, and sonatas 奏鸣曲 for both piano and violin. His music has delicate beauty and is always fresh and pleasing to the ear. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), German composer, was one of music’s greatest geniuses. His works have a rare originality, emotional depth, and expressive power. He was known for his nine symphonies, piano concertos and sonatas, and string quartets. Most of Beethoven’s compositions were written in the classical forms established by his predecessors Mozart and Haydn, so he is sometimes considered the last great composer in the classical tradition. But he also remoulded and expanded the old forms and infused them with a highly personal intensity of emotion, so he is also referred to as the first of the Romantics.

6. II. Background Information Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), German composer, was one of music’s greatest geniuses. His works have a rare originality, emotional depth, and expressive power. He was known for his nine symphonies, piano concertos and sonatas, and string quartets. Most of Beethoven’s compositions were written in the classical forms established by his predecessors Mozart and Haydn, so he is sometimes considered the last great composer in the classical tradition. But he also remoulded and expanded the old forms and infused them with a highly personal intensity of emotion, so he is also referred to as the first of the Romantics. 3. Ludwig van Beethoven:

7. II. Background Information 4. Theory of Relativity : Einstein’s theory of relativity introduced to science the concepts of “relativity” – the notion that there is no absolute motion in the universe, only relative motion – thus superseding the 200-year-old theory of mechanics of Sir Isaac Newton, which holds that the laws of mechanics are the same for all uniformly moving systems. Einstein extended this concept to include the laws describing the motion of light and to regard space-time as a fourth dimension. In other words, space and time are relative, rather than absolute and independent entities. Put your hand on a hot stove for a minute, and it seems like an hour. Sit with a pretty girl for an hour, and it seems like a minute. THAT''''S relativity.

8. II. Background Information 5. Quantum theory of light 光的量子理论 This is also known as the theory of photoelectric effect. It was Einstein who developed the quantum theory by postulating ( 假定；假设 ) light quanta( 量子 quantum 的复 数 ) (called photons by Einstein ), comparable to energy quanta, and on these based on his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

9. II. Background Information 6. E= mc2: This is perhaps the most important equation in science. E stands for energy, m for mass, and c2 for the speed of light multiplied by itself. The formula shows that matter (material or substance ), if entirely changed to energy such as heat or light, produces an unbelievable amount of energy. In other words, the amount of energy in any object depends on its mass and the speed of light. It is this equation that made possible the production of the atomic bomb and the use of nuclear energy.

10. Quotations by Albert Einstein 1.Imagination is more important than knowledge. 2. The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science. 3. Nature to him was an open book, whose letters he could read without effort. 4. The truth of a theory is in your mind, not in your eyes. Quoted in H Eves Mathematical Circles Squared (Boston 1972). 5. Science without religion is lame; religion without science is blind. 6. Sometimes one pays most for things one gets for nothing.

11. III. Warming-up: Listening and Speaking 1. Watching: Albert Einstein

12. III. Warming-up: Listening and Speaking 2. Speaking and Debate: Ask the students if they have heard of the scientist Albert Einstein. Collect as much information as possible from the students. Name: Albert Einstein Born: Died: Worked: Scientific research: What he got for his new discoveries: Moved to the USA: Studies: Doctor’s degree received: Interests:

13. III. Warming-up: Listening and Speaking 2. Listening and recite:

14. IV. Text Structure I. Introduction(1-3): “simplicity” II. Body(2-19) III. Conclusion: (20) P2-4: About his modesty; P5-7: Einstein’s brief life history and his two great theories P8-11: About his concentration on work; P12-13: About his love of natural simplicity; P14-16: About his academic courage; P17-18: About his sense of justice; P19: About his youthful innocence;

15. IV. Text Structure 1. Which phrase in the first paragraph explains the abstract notion of “simplicity”? 2. From the two anecdotes related in para. 2- 4, what impression of Einstein have you got? 3. What, according to the author, is Einstein’s most outstanding trait as a scientist? 4. Why did Einstein insist on working hard when he was so badly shaken by his wife’s death?

16. IV. Text Structure 5. How do you interpret the sentence in para. 11: “To help him, I steered the discussion away from routine matters into more difficult theoretical problems”? 6. What revelation is made through Einstein’ comment on Beethoven and Mozart’ works? 7. How did Einstein feel about the destructive effect produced as a result of the application of his E=mc formula? 8. Do you think the anecdote related in para. 19 aims to illustrate Einstein’s “whimsicality”? If not, what personality trait other than being whimsicality is revealed here?

17. V. Discourse Analysis 1. How do you describe a person? ■ Sight - talk about how the person looks. ■ Sound - talk about how the person speaks. ■ Touch - talk about how it feels when you touch the person. ■ Smell - talk about how the person smells. ■ Personality - talk about the inner person. ■ Behaviour - talk about how the person acts. ■ Interests - talk about any hobbies and interests the person has. ■ Job/Daily Activities - talk about what the person does for a living, or about their career plans.

18. V. Discourse Analysis 2. Exemplification : Exemplification means to provide examples about something. Writing an exemplification essay typically involves offering many examples to support a generalization about something. In this type of essay, examples act as supporting material to explain or clarify the generalization.

19. VI. Theme-related Reading and Translating Exercises 1. 他按了按汽车喇叭以引起路上行人的警觉。 (alert) 2. 信息工程的迅速发展是人类尝试的一个突出实例。 (endeavor) 3. Mary 试图找到恰当的语言来表达他对老师的感激。 (grope) 4. 学校校长以平易话语向年轻人传递了富有挑战性的信息 (convey) 5. 不要胡乱摆弄电线, 要不然会引起电线短路。 (tamper with) 6. 他自以为在竞争中可以战胜对手。但是他过分的自信使她失败了。 (fail) 7. 他的话似乎简单明了, 但是其中的含蓄意思我们不能理解。 (fathom) 8. 他试图把小组的漫无目的的谈话引导到一些有建设性的话题上去。 (steer)

20. VII. Theme-related Writing Exercises Homework: Write an exemplification paragraph.

21. Thank you!