1. MODULE 4: CONSULTING THE POOR ON SAFETY NETS Blessings Chinsinga (Team leader) Chris Dzimadzi Regson Chaweza Patrick Kambewa Prince Kapondamgaga Overtoun Mgemezulu

2. INTRODUCTION Overall objective: consulting the poor Traditional support systems Selection of beneficiaries – fair methods TIP Direct Welfare Transfers (cash and in kind) Effective and fair management

3. DEFINITIONS OF POVERTY The rich The relatively well-off The struggling The very poor Easy to define the rich and the very poor

4. TRADITIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS Common systems Reciprocatory (funeral and illness) Care for the vulnerable No relation to poverty relief Changes over time Role of traditional structures

5. TIP – 2000/01 What happened last year Registration Distribution Recommendations Beneficiaries to be announced at meetings Vouchers to bear names of beneficiaries Village heads to be present at distribution centres

6. TIP – 2001/02 SELECTION Simulate the selection of beneficiaries: 1/3 of village Is community targeting feasible? Social mapping Card game Criteria for inclusion & exclusion

7. TIP – 2001/02 SELECTION Targeting not easy but possible Resistance across all sites Social conflicts Equity Regional variations Small group easier than larger ones beyond the vulnerable

8. TIP – 2001/02 SELECTION Need for facilitators Need for information / sensitisation (who, when, what…) Selection to be managed by a broader group

9. TIP MANAGEMENT Management of TIP Democratically elected committee Village headman Beneficiaries Outsiders No clear preference (hybrid structures)

10. TIP MANAGEMENT Scoring alternatives Packs split in half before distribution Packs split in half after distribution Jump a year (receive this year but not next) Half the village receives Village head shares (using a cup) No TIP

11. TIP Overall conclusions Targeting an alien concept Community targeting possible but requires considerable resources Preferences for egalitarian distribution options

12. DIRECT WELFARE TRANSFERS Cash transfers - MK 550 per month In-kind transfers 1 pail, 1 blanket, 4 plates, 2 pots, 10 tablets (laundry soap) and 10 tablets (bathing soap) 50 kg bag of maize per month (4 months after receipt of the initial package)

13. DIRECT WELFARE TRANSFERS SELECTION Feasibility of targeting Same procedure as in TIP (card game) BUT Select 10% of households Overall conclusion Resistance Targeting easier as compared to TIP

14. DIRECT WELFARE TRANSFERS TYPE OF TRANSFER Cash vs In-kind transfers Advantages and disadvantages Overwhelming preference for in-kind transfers Especially women and the vulnerable