1. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR1 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 HSO SORPTION COOLERS Lionel DUBAND L. Clerc, D. Communal, M. Dubois (BV), JL. Durand, E. Ercolani, L. Guillemet, N. Luchier, L. Miquet, R. Vallcorba Service des Basses Températures CEA-SBT (CEA/DSM/DRFMC/SBT)

2. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR2 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 MODELS - GENERAL STATUS Ref.FeatureObjectiveStatus Structural Model STM No thermal capabilities Validation of interfaces and Kevlar suspension system Vibration tested room T and LN2 T Delivered to SPIRE and PACS (Dec. 2002) Cryogenic Qualification Model CQM Almost fully representatice of FM (thermo+heater not of flight grade) Qualify the design Qualification program carried out SPIRE unit delivered to RAL August 19th 2003 - back at SBT for retensioning PACS unit delivered to SAp Nov. 6th Flight Model FM Flight readySuccessfull mission ! Detailed drawings available. Manufacturing phase initiated Flight Spare FS Flight ready Replacement unit in case of FM failure

3. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR3 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 STRUCTURAL MODEL (STM) No thermal capabilities Main goal : validation of Kevlar suspension system Dummy cooler heart made out of aluminum (was not intended to be vibration tested cold)

4. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR4 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 VIBRATION TESTS - STM WITH KEVLAR 0.5 and 0.3 mm Sinus [0 - 100 Hz] X : 40 G Y, Z : 25 G Random [0 - 2000 Hz] X : 14 G rms Y : 11.3 G rms Z : 9.9 G rms Visual inspection : rupture of one "stitch" CSL ROOM TEMPERATURE TESTS KEVLAR FAILURE Analysis : Lateral motion Rubbing & rupture high G level Solution at this stage Kevlar 34 Replaced by Kevlar 11 (Ø 0.29 mm to 0.5 mm) Stronger easier to manipulate Nominal tension x3 Note : lowest resonant frequency > 450 Hz All susbsequent tests successfully passed with larger Kevlar cords

5. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR5 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 Input spectrum Random [0 - 2000 Hz] 20 - 200 Hz : + 3 dB 200 - 250 Hz : 0.28 g2/Hz 250 - 2000 Hz : - 12 dB ≈ 8.06 G rms Sinus [0 - 100 Hz] : 30 G Both units mounted PACS like. Only X axis tested SPIRE STM mounted with 0.29 mm Kevlar strings on evaporator side Lower levels RAL LOW TEMPERATURE TESTS VIBRATION TESTS - SUMMARY OF RESULTS Tests at room T :  Tests at 82 K :  Tests at room T Once units warm :  But ∆ = 116 Hz Low temperature : 82 K NOTE : same signature after warm up at room T Frequency shift

6. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR6 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 FREQUENCY SHIFT ? Cold V test on STMs does not make sense - Structure = Ta6V (thermal contraction 1.5 10 -3 ) - Kevlar strings (-3 10 -3, new value at -1.7 10 -3 since then ) - Aluminum body for cooler heart (4 10 -3 ) Internal strings ≈ 13.9 DaN External strings ≈ 2.9 DaN Tensioning at room T 12 DaN At low T

7. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR7 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 tension dependent ? VARIATION OF RESONANT FREQUENCIES WITH TEMPERATURE define a "dynamic" Young’s modulus in real situation Y 300K = 38.7 TE -0.018 + 3.4 TE 0.516 ( GPa) Assuming average fit for up and down (TE : tension in N) Hysteresis between tensioning - detensioning Real situation : string + pulleys

8. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR8 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 CRYOGENIC QUALIFICATION MODEL (CQM) Both CQMs qualified SPIRE : 290µm/500 µm strings PACS : all strings 500 µm

9. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR9 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 QUALIFICATION PROGRAM 5 days 80°C bake out Room T vibration tests Thermal tests Nominal perf. Thermal tests (HCR#2) Thermal tests (HCR#3) Thermal tests (HCR#1)

10. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR10 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP

11. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR11 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 RECYCLING PHASE - CRYOSTAT TILTED AT 60°

12. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR12 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 HEAT FLOWS - CRYOSTAT TILTED AT 60° Note : use of the full 120 mn for the recycling phase, to get a flowing power as low as possible at the end of the phase

13. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR13 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 CONVECTIVE EFFECTS - CRYOSTAT TILTING Possibly down to 14 mW

14. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR14 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 VIBRATION TESTS - CSL JULY 2-4 2003 Input levels XYZ SPIRESinus [25 - 60] 22.5 G [25 - 60] 15 G [25 - 60] 15 G Random [20 - 2000] 5 Grms6 Grms PACSSinus [5 - 100] 18 G [5 - 100] 8 G [5 - 100] 8 G Random [20 - 2000] 11.5 Grms4.9 Grms2.54 Grms

15. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR15 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 CSL CQM VTESTS (RT) - INSTRUMENTATION Accelerometers : - two pilotes on adaptating plate - structure - evaporator cold tip - evaporator switch base - pump switch base

16. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR16 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 MAIN RESULTS No major failure (lost one wire on HS redunded - CQM PACS) Cold tipStructure HS evap. I/F HS pump I/F X SPIRE 386 / 15826 / 3.7 138 / 1.9 339 / 19.5 138 / 1.7 368 / 9 Y SPIRE 561 / 23.31360 / 1.36705 / 14.8705 / 17 Z SPIRE 291 / 2.6 397 / 11.7 1130 / 1.8 1580 / 5.8 127 / 1.7 293 / 17.2 136 / 2.8 295 / 12.1 X PACS 558 / 21 1230 / 3.9 1580 / 5.5 126 / 1.6 337 / 17 132 / 1.8 360 / 14.6 Y PACS 653 / 21 1180 / 3.5 1380 / 3.8 302 / 2.8 653 / 14.5 325 / 4.3 761 / 13 Z PACS 460 / 2.7 532 / 25.6 923 / 6.3 1010 / 5.6 128 / 2.1 305 / 7 134 / 2.6 320 / 7 XX / YY : XX : resonant frequency YY : corresponding G (0.5 G excitation) [800 - 1500 Hz] [300 - 650 Hz] [300 - 360 Hz] [125 - 140 Hz]

17. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR17 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 COOLING POWER CURVES - HEALTH CHECK REPORT HCR#1 - CQM PACS : Parasitics estimated at 12 µW ± 10% [Case 1.62 K level 0 - 2 K level 1] Prediction ≈ 10 µW No significant difference between HCR#1, HCR#2 and HCR#3 or rather results consistent within ± 5 mK

18. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR18 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 AUTONOMY TESTS Nominal conditions : L0 = 1.7 K - L1 = 4 K First test with 10 µW applied load CQM SPIRE 45 hours @ 290 mK CQM PACS 35 hours @ 291 mK m 0.L = (P applied + P parasitics ).time m 0 : amount condensed / L: latent heat 1/time versus P applied Straight line : m 0 and parasitics tests with various applied loads Not within predictions Tests performed in same conditions every time

19. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR19 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 AUTONOMY TESTS - MORE DATA Analysis of data Extra parasitic of 8 to 10 µW Cooler undercharged by 10%

20. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR20 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 EXTRA PARASITIC LOAD ANALYSIS - KEVLAR ? OK at least in the range [2 K - 10 K] Remark : results eliminate possibility of parasitic coming from contact with snubber

21. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR21 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 EXTRA PARASITIC LOAD ANALYSIS - KEVLAR & TITANIUM From experimental data : 6.5 µW Predicted : 6.7 µW Cooler operated without strap between switch and evaporator Parasitic load Note : cycle limited to 2.2 K / 35 K

22. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR22 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 EXTRA PARASITIC : GAS GAP HEAT SWITCH + STRAP

23. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR23 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 LATEST RESULTS - CQM Reset to nominal (strap not gold plated) CQM PACS delivered to SAp November 6 th Nominal conditions : L0 = 1.7 K - L1 = 4 K With 10 µW applied load 47 hours @ 291 mK Analysis of data Parasitic of 13 µW (predicted 14 µW)

24. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR24 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 Heat switch - FM/FS models - production of a batch (≈ 10) - selection of best ones for cold tip - thermal characterisation procedure revisited - improved strap FUTURE ACTIONS - geometry ? - limit the heat flow in case of contact ? - strap : flexibility ON going thinking

25. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR25 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 YOUNG’S MODULUS VERSUS TENSION : IMPACT ON COOLER Sliding ?

26. PACS INSTRUMENT HARDWARE DESIGN REVIEW CEA-Grenoble / DSM / DRFMC / SBT / HSO Cryocoolers/ PACS IHDR26 MPE - November, 12-13 2003 KEVLAR TENSION HISTORY Note : CQM PACS not retensioned at delivery (SAp demand)