1. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Interaction Ecologies Henrik Enquist, Konrad Tollmar. Lund University Aino Vonge Corry Aarhus University

2. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Complementing visions Ubiquitous computing invisibility scalability construction heterogeneity change automation Palpable computing visibility* understandability de-construction* coherence stability user control*

3. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Application areas Healthcare Emergency services Landscape architecture www.ist- palcom.org

4. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Case study Pregnancy and early maternity Skejby Hospital, Denmark

5. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies It’s not only complex… Some issues: Paper work Coordination Visibility Locations Participation

6. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies …it’s a jungle !

7. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Designers to the rescue!

8. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Work Field studies Workshops Cultural probes Prototyping

9. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Experimental prototypes

10. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Prototype design

11. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Some findings Design issues Yet another device! –Swiss army knife –It is something special Empowerment Gender issues New (mental) model of information and interaction

12. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Aspects of interaction Privacy / control Overview / inspection Clinical / personal data

13. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies To sum up Lots of devices Lots of people Lots of activities Lots of possibilities –Open but fairly stable situation Two related examples:

14. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies

15. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Vision of the Future

16. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Some issues How are we affected by this situation in our everyday life? How does this inform us as designers in a constructive way? How will this change our view on artefacts and their use? How do we communicate this change of the way we relate to clusters of artefacts?

17. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Ecology in biology applied ecology, the practice of employing ecological principles and understanding to solve real world problems (includes agroecology and conservation biology); biogeochemistry, effect of biota on global chemistry, and the cycles of matter and energy that transport the Earth's chemical components in time and space. biogeography, the study of the geographic distributions of species ; chemical ecology, which deals with the ecological role of biological chemicals used in a wide range of areas including defense against predators and attraction of mates; conservation ecology, which studies how to reduce the risk of species extinction; ecological succession, which focuses on understanding directed vegetation change; ecophysiology which studies the interaction of physiological traits with the abiotic environment; ecotoxicology, which looks at the ecological role of toxic chemicals (often pollutants, but also naturally occurring compounds); evolutionary ecology or ecoevolution which looks at evolutionary changes in the context of the populations and communities in which the organisms exist; fire ecology, which looks at the role of fire in the environment of plants and animals and its effect on ecological communities; functional ecology, the study of the roles, or functions, that certain species (or groups thereof) play in an ecosystem; global ecology, which examines ecological phenomena at the largest possible scale, addressing macroecological questions; landscape ecology, which studies the interactions between discrete elements of a landscape; macroecology, the study of large scale phenomena; marine ecology, and aquatic ecology, where the dominant environmental milieu is water; microbial ecology, the ecology of micro-organisms; microecology, the study of small scale phenomena; paleoecology, which seeks to understand the relationships between species in fossil assemblages; restoration ecology, which attempts to understand the ecological basis needed to restore impaired or damaged ecosystems; soil ecology, the ecology of the pedosphere; theoretical ecology, the development of ecological theory, usually with mathematical, statistical and/or computer modeling tools; urban ecology, the study of ecosystems in urban areas.

18. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Interdisciplinary ecology Ecological Engineering Ecological Economics Human Ecology Social Ecology Anthropological Ecology

19. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Metaphoric ecology Media Ecology –Media environments Information Ecology –(Nardi & O’Day) –Library as an example Ecology of Artefacts –(Krippendorff) –Species of artefacts –Ecological meanings –Different interaction types

20. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Key properties System Diversity Coevolution Keystone species Locality

21. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Possible (inter)actor categories Software represents any component such as computational code, policies, norms, rules, procedures, practices, and any other formal or informal rules that defines the way in which the different components of the system interact with each other and with the external environment. Hardware represents any physical and nonhuman/non-living component of the system, such as equipment, vehicles, tools, manuals, and signs. Liveware represents any human (or other living) components in their relational and communicational aspects.

22. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Affordance ”The affordance of anything is a specific combination of the physical properties of the environment that is uniquely suited to a given animal” (Gibson 1977) Relationships and properties (Gibson) Perceived affordance (Norman)

23. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Interaction Ecology Focus on interaction and meaning –Making sense of complex relationships and activities It’s a living thing –Semi-permeable system –Dynamically created and maintained Non-hierarchical ’interactors’ –Actants (ANT)

24. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Where do we go from here?...model for inspiration...model for informing designers...model for evaluation of a design...model for describing a design …(fill in the blanks)

25. SeFun International Seminar / 6th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, Helsinki, 6-8 May 2007Henrik Enquist et al. Interaction Ecologies Thank you Questions ? (…please ;)