1. Institut für Telematik Quality-of-Service Support for Mobile Users using NSIS Roland Bless, Martin Röhricht Networking 2009, Aachen

2. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 1 Networking 2009, Aachen Motivation More and more resource demanding Internet applications and multimedia streams video broadcasts, Voice-over-IP, IPTV Inherent need for Quality-of-Service guarantees across administrative domains signaling protocol needed RSVP, NSIS lacking mobility support of earlier signaling protocols like RSVP Increasing popularity of mobile Internet devices Laptops, mobile phones (iPhone), PDAs MobileIP allows for mobility in IP-based networks adjusts data path transparently Goal: Enable Quality-of-Service in mobile environments

3. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 2 Networking 2009, Aachen Main Challenges Resource reservations need to be setup on the new path as quickly as possible by using same/adapted QoS parameters release resource reservations on old path Tight interworking needed between mobility management and signaling protocol QoS signaling should work seamlessly with handovers across access nodes

4. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 3 Networking 2009, Aachen MobileIP – Overview MN HoA Logical Flow Logical Flow Tunnel Flow Tunnel Flow Path before movement Path before movement Route-optimized flows Route-optimized flows Tunneled Flow Tunneled Flow Handover Non-Route Optimized Flow Cross-over node Cross-over node Foreign Network A Foreign Network B CN MN New CoA MN New CoA MN Old CoA MN Old CoA HA AR 1 AR 3 Home Network AR 2 Correspondent Network

5. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 4 Networking 2009, Aachen Next Steps in Signaling – Overview Two-layer approach QoS NSLP NTLP, i.e. GIST path-coupled signaling signaling node discovery message transport (unreliable, reliable, secure) TLS UDP TCP SCTP DCCP IPsec IPv4/IPv6 Signaling Application 1 (QoS) Signaling Application 1 (QoS) Signaling Application 2 (NAT FW) Signaling Application 2 (NAT FW) NSIS Signaling Layer (NSLP) NSIS Transport Layer (NTLP) General Internet Signalling Transport (GIST) General Internet Signalling Transport (GIST) Data flow QoS NSLP Signaling

6. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 5 Networking 2009, Aachen Problems NSIS protocol suite provides Basic mobility support: Session-ID remains constant even if a flows addresses change Re-establishment of a reservation along a new path Main problems to solve get triggers from mobility events get the current addressing information provide internal interfaces required to provide the necessary information Solution focuses on MobileIPv6 as mobility management solution

7. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 6 Networking 2009, Aachen Mobility Scenarios Mobile node is sender and initiator/responder mobility events may trigger QoS NSLP actions emit new RESERVE or QUERY message QSPEC may be adapted, constant Session ID Mobile node is receiver and initiator/responder difficult to notify sender (CN), i.e. to signal in upstream direction path not known in advance difficult to determine cross-over node flow address may change profile in first-hop router must be updated at sender side available QoS at new Access Router may differ re-negotiation along whole path required

8. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 7 Networking 2009, Aachen Solutions to Mobility Problems Mobility-aware applications (e.g., SIP) could provide the necessary triggers Assumption: MobileIPv6 as mobility management protocol Provides transparent support for transport protocols/applications Flow descriptor in QoS NSLP requires knowledge of current Care-of Address contradicts use of Mobile IP that hides mobility Mobility is not transparent to QoS NSLP, e.g., must also consider overhead added by MobileIP for QoS reservations (additional headers) source address selection Main problem: notification of mobility events to QoS NSLP

9. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 8 Networking 2009, Aachen FlowInfoService Module New approach: add FlowInfoService module allows to request information about flows, e.g., current care-of-addresses, sizes of additional headers must get updates if addresses change TCP SCTP UDP NSIS Protocols MIPv6d Flow Information Service QoS NSLP GIST Application Flow Info Request: (source addr, dest. addr) Flow Info Request: (source addr, dest. addr) Reply/Notification: Original flow= (source addr, dest. addr) Flow status= {none, tunneled, routeopt.} New flow= (source addr, dest. addr) Overhead [bytes] Reply/Notification: Original flow= (source addr, dest. addr) Flow status= {none, tunneled, routeopt.} New flow= (source addr, dest. addr) Overhead [bytes]

10. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 9 Networking 2009, Aachen Evaluation – Setup V 5 HA AR 1 Home Network AR1 Network V 4V 7V 8 AR2 Network AR3 Network V 1 MN Movement AR 2 V 13 V 14 V 15 V 16 V 17 CN V 10 Virtual Environment on PC 1 PC 2 Physical Gigabit Ethernet Link VLANs Smart Switch (FreeBSD 7) Packet Dumps AR 3

11. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 10 Networking 2009, Aachen Evaluation – Performance Benchmarks I 50 consecutive movements of the MN between AR3 to AR2 to AR1 and back Reservation setup and tear down of old path TestcaseAR1 SetupAR2 SetupAR3 SetupTear down MN sender, sender- initiated 11.8 ms26.9 ms37.5 ms20600 ms CN sender, sender- initiated 13.3 ms27.4 ms40.3 ms26.8 ms MN sender, receiver- initiated 11.3 ms29.0 ms43.1 ms28.0 ms CN sender, receiver- initiated 12.5 ms33.4 ms42.2 ms31.9 ms

12. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 11 Networking 2009, Aachen Evaluation – Performance Benchmarks II Receiver-initiated Reservation setup delay for reservation from Access Router 1

13. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 12 Networking 2009, Aachen Evaluation – Performance Benchmarks III Delay for tear down of old reservation

14. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 13 Networking 2009, Aachen Evaluation – Performance Benchmarks IV Added additional delay between AR1/AR2 (50ms) and AR2/AR3 (25ms) Setup Delay Overhead 10%

15. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 14 Networking 2009, Aachen Conclusion & Outlook QoS support for mobile users viable NSIS QoS NSLP is prepared for mobility Mobility triggers required Flow Information Service Low additional overhead Code freely available: http://nsis-ka.orghttp://nsis-ka.org Outlook Repeating measurements in real testbed Seamless QoS support: Anticipated Handover Requires protocol extensions Ongoing implementation effort

16. Institut für Telematik Thanks! Questions? www.tm.uka.de/itm

17. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 16 Networking 2009, Aachen Backup

18. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 17 Networking 2009, Aachen Path divergence after movement Upstream and downstream signaling paths may differ may result in different cross-over nodes CN MN Flow f o CN AR O MN Flow f n CN AR N MN Flow MN CN Downstream Cross-over node Upstream Cross-over node AR O Sender Receiver AR N ISP Domain AISP Domain BISP Domain C ISP Domain EISP Domain D

19. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 18 Networking 2009, Aachen MN=Sender, Sender-Initiated AR N AR O CN MN R N1 R Ni R O1 R CR R Oj RESERVE RESPONSE Sender Receiver Mobility Trigger

20. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 19 Networking 2009, Aachen MN=Sender, Receiver-Initiated AR N AR O CN MN R Ni R O1 R CR R Oj QUERY (R=1) RESERVE Sender Receiver RESPONSE R N1 Mobility Trigger

21. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 20 Networking 2009, Aachen MN=Receiver, Sender-Initiated AR N AR O CN MN R N1 R Ni R O1 R CR R Oj RESPONSE RESERVE Receiver Sender Binding Update Mobility Trigger

22. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 21 Networking 2009, Aachen MN=receiver, receiver-initiated AR N AR O CN MN R N1 R Ni R O1 R CR R Oj QUERY (R=1) Receiver Sender RESERVE RESPONSE Binding Update Mobility Trigger

23. R. Bless, M. Röhricht Institut für Telematik Universität Karlsruhe (TH) www.tm.uka.de 22 Networking 2009, Aachen Trigger Overhead time between the BindingUpdate/BindingAcknowledgement and GISTQuery that starts the signaling process: MN 1.93ms CN 2.54ms