1. Photosynthesis

2. The Primary Source Photosynthesis is the first step of energy flow for most organisms on Earth, by transferring solar energy into stored bond energy (chemical energy) in sugars and other organic molecules. Photosynthesis is the first step of energy flow for most organisms on Earth, by transferring solar energy into stored bond energy (chemical energy) in sugars and other organic molecules. Organisms obtain carbon to use through two ways: Organisms obtain carbon to use through two ways:

3. Autotrophs- (from Greek ‘self’ ‘feeders’) – synthesize organic molecules from inorganic compounds. (producers) Autotrophs- (from Greek ‘self’ ‘feeders’) – synthesize organic molecules from inorganic compounds. (producers) Heterotrophs – (from Greek ‘other’ ‘nourishing’) – are unable to synthesize their own organic molecules from inorganic compounds, so they must acquire them from another organism that produced or contains them. (eat them) Heterotrophs – (from Greek ‘other’ ‘nourishing’) – are unable to synthesize their own organic molecules from inorganic compounds, so they must acquire them from another organism that produced or contains them. (eat them)

4. What is Light??? Visible light makes up a very small portion of the range of radiations known as the electromagnetic spectrum. Visible light makes up a very small portion of the range of radiations known as the electromagnetic spectrum. –All light travels as a wave that behaves as a particle –Composed of small packets of energy called photons

5. Chemistry of Photosynthesis LIGHT LIGHT 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O Note: Water appears on both sides of the equation, so a NET equation usually only shows 6 water on the left. Note: Water appears on both sides of the equation, so a NET equation usually only shows 6 water on the left.

6. Chloroplast Energy is put into this system during a ‘Light reaction’ in the Thylakoid. Energy is put into this system during a ‘Light reaction’ in the Thylakoid. Sugars are created during a ‘synthesis reaction’ that can take place in the dark. AKA ‘dark reaction’ or ‘Calvin Cycle’ Sugars are created during a ‘synthesis reaction’ that can take place in the dark. AKA ‘dark reaction’ or ‘Calvin Cycle’

7. Cellular Respiration To release the energy stored in a sugar molecule, cellular respiration breaks the bonds, releasing the stored energy. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O 6CO 2 +12H 2 O + ATP To release the energy stored in a sugar molecule, cellular respiration breaks the bonds, releasing the stored energy. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O 6CO 2 +12H 2 O + ATP Look back at the equation for photosynthesis. Anything similar about these equations???? Look back at the equation for photosynthesis. Anything similar about these equations????

8. Complementary Process Yes, they are the complete opposite to each other. In photosynthesis solar energy is captured as bond energy within the chloroplast of a plant cell. The pigment chlorophyll is used to absorb the powerful solar photons (particle of light) to create sugars. Yes, they are the complete opposite to each other. In photosynthesis solar energy is captured as bond energy within the chloroplast of a plant cell. The pigment chlorophyll is used to absorb the powerful solar photons (particle of light) to create sugars. This takes place within the Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. This takes place within the Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.

9. Cellular Respiration Aerobic (with oxygen) respiration is a breakdown of sugar molecules within the mitochondria to release the trapped bond energy as ATP. Aerobic (with oxygen) respiration is a breakdown of sugar molecules within the mitochondria to release the trapped bond energy as ATP. It is a 4 step process that can produce 36- 38 ATP molecules. If it occurs without oxygen (Anaerobic respiration) then only 2 ATP are produced It is a 4 step process that can produce 36- 38 ATP molecules. If it occurs without oxygen (Anaerobic respiration) then only 2 ATP are produced

10. Carbon Crisis Carbon levels in our atmosphere are rising. Carbon levels in our atmosphere are rising. The human population is rising. The human population is rising. The demand for space and resources are rising. The demand for space and resources are rising. Read through pages 86-90 and perform the following: worksheet Read through pages 86-90 and perform the following: worksheet