1. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 Aid in the management and European comparison of Municipal Solid WASte Treatment methods for a global and sustainable approach Fifth Framework Program

2. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2 : Energy aspects of municipal solid waste treatments Claire LECOINTE, Charlotte BARBUT

3. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Introduction 2 achieved deliverables : Deliverable 3 : Comparable energy data for the different channels and for the contractor countries Deliverable 4 : Energy models No models for : Energy consumption for every channel Energy production for anaerobic digestion (but the model for landfill can be adapted) Presentation of our work on incineration and landfill

4. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2 Financial statements Most of the cost is personal cost Personal hours on projectContractStatement 2001500930 2002850~ 1700 20031000~ 1600

5. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Incineration : State of the art For one ton of waste incinerated in a grate furnace Energy recovery : electricity Energy recovery : heat Energy recovery : electricity + heat Energy production 350 to 500 kWh e about 1000 kWh th about 150 kWh e and 885 kWh th Energy consumption 10 to 30 kWh th of fuel and 65 to 80 kWh e including : 25 kWh e for flue gas dry or semi-humid cleaning system 30 to 40 kWh e for flue gas humid cleaning system

6. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Incineration : Model 1 kWh e  1 kWh th Exergy = part of the energy which can be used to provide mechanical work Electricity = pure exergy For heat : Ex = Q * (1-T 0 /T) with T 0 : reference temperature T : temperature of Q Q : calorific energy For incinerated waste : Ex = LHV * (1- T 0 /T comb ) with LHV : Low Heating Value ; T comb : combustion temperature

7. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Incineration : Results (Orléans) EXERGY ENERGY All percentages are compared with waste LHV

8. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Landfill : State of the art Type of production during 50 years Part of theoretical production Quantity of biogas (m 3 /t MSW) Potential production100%330 Real production70%230 Accessible production56%180 Extractable production34-39%110-130 In practice, landfill gas is recoverable during 15 years. We consider an extractable production of 60 m 3 /t MSW. Natural production without extraction Forced production with extraction CH 4 (% vol.)50-5830-55 CO 2 (% vol.) 25-3422-33 N 2 (% vol.)2-186-26 O 2 (% vol.)0-12-8

9. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Landfill : Model

10. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Landfill : Results (Orléans) 124 000 tons/year MSW with 150 kg of organic carbon per ton In 2002, collection of 4 700 400 Nm 3 of landfill gas with 55,8% CH 4, 34,2 % CO 2, 10% air incineration landfill kJ/Nm 3 landfill gaskJ/kg landfilled wastekJ/kg incinerated waste

11. AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003 WP2Conclusion 1.The technology of incineration is well managed regarding the energy efficiency. 2.If we used an anaerobic digestion plant to produce biogas : Biogas production optimized Energy recovery more efficient (ratio exergy/energy higher for biogas than for solid waste) Compost production 3.Model for anaerobic digestion doesn’t exist. But data were collected for deliverable 3. To discuss : the status of incineration. Waste elimination or energy recovery ?