1. CMS

8. SPS EXPERIMENT

9. Critical mass in a “small” experiment (NA49) 3 components of an explosive mixture: -- Experienced hardware team from nuclear physics environment -- Continuous influx of talented students -- Committed theory support group Actions: -- GRID-TOF stand-alone Hungarian subdetector Original design, production, installation, on-line DAQ, off-line software,analysis -- Specific RESEARCH AIMS: concentrate on pp/pA physics Motto: AA can be understood only relative to simpler systems -- In house EDUCATION CENTRE (thanks to H.G.Fischer) Every year 2 new students with a new hardware piece is added: centrality detector, (new/old) n-detector, veto-chambers, GAP TPC, np-trigger, Leadglass.. Reasonable HOME FUNDING in average 30 kCHF/year GOOD BASE to start NA61/SHINE experiment

10. Artist’s view of NA49 GRID-TOF (Budawall)

11. 1994 2000 GRID-TOF REFORM dE/dX V-zero n-det Centrality det n-Veto Gap-TPC

12. The CRITICAL POINT’s puzzle is well characterized by the letter of leading theorists to the SPSLC Committee which was the highest scientific decision body of CERN at that time:

13. Water analogy for QGP phase transition Zoltán FODOR(ELTE)

14. LHC ALICEALICE - A Large Ion Collider Experiment ATLAS CMSCMS - The Compact Muon Solenoid LHCBLHCb LHCFLHCf-measurement of forward neutral particle production for cosmic ray research TOTEMTotal Cross Section, Elastic Scattering and Diffraction Dissociation at the LHC SPS CNGS1(OPERA) An Appearance Experiment to Search for nu_mu --> nu_tau Oscillations in the CNGS Beam CNGS2(ICARUS) A search programme of explicit v-oscillations with the icarus detector... NA58(COMPASS) COmmon Muon and Proton Apparatus for Structure and Spectroscopy NA61 (SHINE) Study of Hadron Production in Hadron-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at the CERN SPS NA62Proposal to Measure the Rare Decay K+ -> pi+ nu nu at the Cern SPS NA63Electromagnetic Processes in strong Crystalline Fields SPOKESPERSON:Marek GAZDZICKI SPOKESPERSON:Gyoergy VESZTERGOMBI GLIMOS:Zoltan FODOR (RUN coordinator) Beam: Approved: 21-FEB-07 Status:Data Taking GREY BOOK NA61 Study of Hadron Production in Hadron-Nucleus and Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at the CERN SPS HIGH ENERGY EXPERIMENTS AT CERN in 2008

15. From this table one should notice the fact that in the huge CERN Laboratory exists only 12 officially acknowledged high energy physics experiments. There is 6 planned experiments at LHC: ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb, LHCf and TOTEM and an other 6 registered experiments at SPS: CNGS1(OPERA), CNGS2(ICARUS), NA58(COMPASS), NA61(SHINE), NA62, NA63. Hungary has relative large groups in CMS and ALICE, but they represent only a small minority amongst the few thousand participants. In the small SHINE/NA61 experiment already 10 people represent a strong contingent, but our role even more significantbecause this is the only experiment in CERN where Hungarians are occupying leading positions: G Vesztergombi and M. Gazdzidki co-spokespersons at start, responsible separately for the proton- and heavy ion physics, respectively. Beyond these administrative posts it is more important that the position of RUN coordination is also in Hungarian hand. Z. Fodor (RMKI) is the Technical Coordinator, who is the commander of the real experimental work on the floor, knowing all the technical and scientific details.

17. Detector development – engineering The NA49 data acquisition rate was limited to 4 - 5 Hz with a duty factor of 25% (effective rate around 1 Hz) and that seriously limited the statistics that could be collected for all measurements, including the high pT measurements. With this upgrade we can achieve a readout rate in excess of 40 Hz. An additional factor of 2 will be gained by reducing the sampling frequency of drift electrons. An overall readout rate exceeding 80 Hz will be thus achieved. With the typical 25% duty factor of the SPS that will result in an effective rate in excess of 20 Hz. A total of 240 MB and 8 CD were produced. In ALICE detector one finds similar TPC as in SHINE, which has about only 3 times more (500,000) pads, but using 500 DDL channels and 200 CPU units to collect the data. In case of the SHINE detector, however, one uses about 60 times smaller number (8) of DDL channels and 200 times less number of CPUs, i.e. the new SHINE-DAQ system capable to handle similar order of magnitude data volume by a SINGLE COMPUTER!!! PCI-bus in „1” PC

18. ALICE Detector Data Link USED IN NA61/SHINE also

19. D-RORC

20. References High-speed optical links produced in Hungary work at data acquisition systems at: CERN ● INFN (Roma ● Torino ● Bologna ● Napoli ● Pisa) IPN (Orsay, Nantes) ● CEA (Paris) ● NIKHEF (Amsterdam) Max-Planck Institute (München) ● KFKI-RMKI (Budapest) Stockholm University ● IFAE (Univ. of Barcelona) ● Univ. of Valencia Univ. of Lausanne ● TU München ● Bärgische Univ. Wuppertal Johannes Gutenberg Universität ● Mancester University Univ. of Chicago ● Indiana University ● Caltech (Los Angeles) ● Argonne Nat. Lab. (Chicago) ● Los Alamos Nat. Lab. Fermilab (Batavia) ● Brookhaven Nat. Lab. (New Yersey) IRAM (an observatory in the Pirennes) a space telescope in Hawaii ● etc.

21. ALL the 3 biggest TPC detectors in the world: LHC ALICE, RHIC STAR, SPS SHINE are using DDL produced in Hungary