1. Lessons in Epidemic Response: The Case of Pandemic Flu (H1N1) in Pune, India Krishna Bhogaonker

2. The Focus Challenge: Developing and moderately developed nations face difficulties in managing infectious disease outbreaks in urban settings. Question: What lessons can nations learn about disease containment and epidemiology from the global H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009? Study: Consider the experience of Pune, India as an interesting case study in epidemic management. Why the pattern of epidemic and relapse?

3. In 2009, Pandemic Swine Flu swept the world in a matter of months.

4. India was especially hard hit, particularly in Maharashtra State

5. Pune Case Study Second largest city in the Indian State of Maharashtra. Mostly Hindu population with small Muslim and Christian minorities. Very modern city, only about 3 hours from Mumbai. Flu Experience: Epidemic and relapse over the course of about 6 months.

6. In Pune, the Epidemic Relapsed after a Few Months

7. The distribution of Flu cases in Pune was concentrated in the city center.

8. PMC response was appropriate and initially successful. So why the relapse?

9. It turns out, the PMC had not anticipated the epidemic coinciding with yearly religious festivals.

10. As it turns out, there is a precedent for this problem in Pune history.

11. Conclusion

12. Skills Used Inset map Point graduated symbols Aggregating attribute field Buffering Geocoding Charts, Graphs, or Images