1. Experimental and Early Animation: Artist-as-Inventor

2. Zoetrope Invented in 1834 by William Horner. Called the “Daedalum” ('the wheel of the devil) and also the Praxinoscope. Popular in the U.S. from the 1860s Generally seen in amusement park arcades http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rmoAWgn7BI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhDBGFFrmUI

3. Conventional Film c. 1915-1940 D.W. Griffith: Birth of a Nation (1915) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9UPOkIpR0Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9UPOkIpR0A Charlie Chaplin: Modern Times (1936) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYbsBcPDVQMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYbsBcPDVQM

4. Experimental Film Sergei Eisenstein: Battleship Potemkin (1925) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J74IKt8rxkQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J74IKt8rxkQ Dziga Vertov: The Man with the Movie Camera (1929) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AInQ1x5_r3ohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AInQ1x5_r3o

5. Avant Garde Film 1920s Marcel Duchamp: Anemic Cinema (1926) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXINTf8kXCchttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXINTf8kXCc Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dali: Un Chien Andalou (1929)

6. Experimental Animation Hans Richter: Rhythmus 21 (1921) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhv2KpQGMqYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhv2KpQGMqY Filmstudie (1926) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRYepu7Iqnghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRYepu7Iqng 8x8: A Chess Sonata (1957) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml4WA16Eo28http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml4WA16Eo28

7. Experimental Film and Animation Len Lye A Color Box (1935) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3y1offmJ4Yhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3y1offmJ4Y –An advertisement for cheaper parcel post! Free Radicals (1958) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGyVYDseGc4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGyVYDseGc4

8. Experimental Meets Mainstream Max & Dave Fleischer –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpdMnLx0Npghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpdMnLx0Npg Minnie the Moocher (1932) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaZOXF83zBghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaZOXF83zBg