1. Other Senses Touch, Proprioception, Taste, Smell

2. Touch Vital for development Receptors located in our skin. Sense of touch is actually mixed senses – pressure, warmth, cold or pain Only pressure has identifiable receptors Brain more sensitive to unexpected stimulation This is why we cannot tickle ourselves Top down and bottom up

3. Kinesthesis/Vestibular Sense Kinesthesis is your sense of the position and movement of your body parts Vestibular sense – monitors your body’s head – Sense of equilibrium Vestibular sacs in ears connect the canals with the cochlea and contain fluid that moves when your head rotates or tilts. Movement stimulates hair-like receptors that send messages to cerebellum Enables us to sense body position and maintain balance

4. Pain Icky but necessary Combination of bottom- up and top-down Varies from person to person

5. Gate Control Theory No one stimulus that triggers pain nor one definable area of the brain Different nociceptors that detect hurtful temperatures, pressure of chemicals Spinal cord has a neurological “gate” When a tissue is injured small fibers activate and open the gate and you feel pain Large fiber activity shuts the gate and blocks signals from reaching the brain Brain to spinal cord messages can also close the gate – distraction, release of endorphins Pain is bio-psycho-social!

6. Taste Evolutionary – protection purpose – aversive tastes deterred eating toxins- toddlers are fussy eaters We have bumps on our tongue called papillae – taste buds – Each bum on tongue has 200 or more taste buds Chemical sense Specialized receptors for: sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami. – Umami? – Savory! – Specifically receptors for glutamate – Fish, shellfish, cured meats, vegetables (e.g., mushrooms, ripe tomatoes, Chinese cabbage, spinach, celery, etc.) or green tea, and fermented and aged products (e.g., cheeses, shrimp pastes, soy sauce, etc.).

7. Sensory Interaction Experiment time! Need 2 BRAVE volunteers who have strong little tummies! Sensory Interaction! The principle that one sense may influence another as when smell if food influences its taste

8. Smell Sense of smell is olfaction Chemical sense 5 million (or more) receptor cells at top of each nasal cavity Receptors respond selectively Alert brain through axon fibers Bypass thalamus Associate memories with smells Smell is primitive

9. End of Sensation