1. EuSKal Herria EuSKal Herria

3. Ancient Origins  Archeological evidence shows basque people evolved from cro- magnons 40,000 years ago  1937 discovery of Rh factor- Basque people have the highest incidence of Rh negative blood of any people in the entire world. (common among cro-magnon areas)  Basque also have the highest concentration of type O blood in the world (50 percent)  27 percent of basque people have O Rh negative blood.  Rh negative blood in a pregnant woman can fatally poison a fetus that has posotivce blood- Rate of miscarriages and stillborn births among the basque througout history has been extremely high.  One theory claims that they were actually the lost thirteenth tribe of Israel, and others have concluded the Basques are, in reality, the survivors of Atlantis

4. Survival  According to popular myth, their rugged, mountainous territory was unconquerable.  Long before the Romans gave the basques a name, a large number of people tried to invade basqueland.  Invaders were aloud to pass through on their path to the conquest of Iberia. But if they tried to settle in the northern mountains they were met by a fierce enemy  Proved to be valued mercenaries throughout the Mediterranean.  Pre-Roman boundaries are unknown  Coexisted with the Romans and culture, language and legal traditions were preserved

5.  Whaling and the discovery of America in the Bay Of Viscay? When explorers arrived they found tribes that spoke Basque  French Revolution marked beginning of hostility between the Basques and Spanish. French controlled the Basque country, but Spain later won it back at the peace table  Madrid began to become hostile to traditional basque rights and the Fueros

6. The Basque language

7.  The basque language pre-dates the Indo-European invasions, and is likely the oldest living European language. However there are no written records until 1545.  Theories employ that Adam and Eve spoke Basque. The name Eve according to this theory comes from ez- bai “no-yes” in Basque???  Absolutely no linguistic relative, it is an orphan non Indo-European language.  Remarkable because once the Indo-Europeans began their Bronze Age sweep from Asia across Europe, virtually no group was left untouched.

8.  Baina nire aitaren etxhe defendituko dut- house of my father  Eskuak ebakiko dizkidate- they will cut off my hands  Sarbaldik gabe- without shoulders

9. Pintxos and Food

11. Basque Sports

12. Aizkolari Soka-Tira