1. SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Kay Vyhnanek Faculty Senate Library Committee Presentation April 5, 2007 The Ongoing Transformation

2. Agenda ◈ Scholarly Communication and Open Access ◈ The Library’s Role ◈ Issues for Libraries ◈ What’s happening in response to the issues ◈ Who else is working on these issues ◈ What

3. Scholarly Communication Scholarly communication is the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. One of the fundamental characteristics of scholarly research is that it is created to facilitate inquiry and knowledge. The majority of scholars develop and disseminate their research with little or no expectation of direct financial reward. From: ACRL Toolkit for Librarians http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlissues/scholarlycomm/scholarlycommunicationto olkit/librarians/librarians.htm

4. Open Access Putting peer-reviewed scientific and scholarly literature on the internet. Making it available free of charge and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions. Removing the barriers to serious research. From: Open Access News http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/fosblog.htmlhttp://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/fosblog.html Peter Suber, editor/creator

5. The Library’s Role Scholarly communication is the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. One of the fundamental characteristics of scholarly research is that it is created to facilitate inquiry and knowledge. The majority of scholars develop and disseminate their research with little or no expectation of direct financial reward. From: ACRL Toolkit for Librarians http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlissues/scholarlycomm/scholarlycommunicationto olkit/librarians/librarians.htm

6. Issues for the Library ◈ Journal prices ◆ Decades of double-digit inflation ◆ Continuous cancellation of titles ◈ Licenses not subscriptions ◆ Remember the introduction of shrink-wrap licenses? ◆ The advent of ejournals with contracts not subscriptions ◆ The “Big Deal” – but for whom? ◈ Mergers and buyouts of commercial publishers ◆ Elsevier and so many others (2000+ titles) ◆ Now Wiley’s purchase of Blackwell (1200+ titles, many smaller association journals)

7. More Issues... ◈ Fair Use under fire ◆ DMCA ◆ Bono Copyright Term Extension Act ◈ Author publishing contract constraints ◆ Publish or perish pressures ◆ All copyright signed over to publisher ◆ Limited use of own works ◈ Alternative venues for “publishing” ◆ Self-publishing on the Web ◆ The advent of Open Access journals

8. And more... ◈ Preservation of the scholarly record ◆ What happens when the license ends? ◆ Libraries are forced to purchase backfiles in order to not lose access ◆ Some publishers are opening backfiles on the Web in an open access format ◆ British Medical Journal recent announcement

9. What’s Happening in Response... ◈ SPARC: Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition ◆ June 1998 + ◆ Program of the Association of Research Libraries ◆ WSU Library is a member ◈ ACRL Scholarly Communication Committee ◆ ALA’s official committee on the subject ◈ The Open Access (OA) Movement (the noun) ◆ Support from libraries and much of the scientific research community ◆ Many non-librarian proponents ◆ Peter Suber ◆ Steven Harnad

10. Additional actions... ◈ Open Access (the adjective) ◆ The development of “green” and “gold” journals ◆ Author self-archiving in subject or institutional repositories ◈ Institutional Repositories ◆ Response to the need for preservation of the scholarly record ◆ PubMed Central, Public Library of Science (PLoS), National Institutes of Health and many others ◆ WSU Research Exchange being built to store and preserve WSU’s scholarly output

11. And more... ◈ Assertion of Author Rights ◆ Creative Commons copyright ◆ SPARC’s Author Addendum ◆ Know Your Copy Rights ◈ Legislative actions ◆ CURES Act introduced 2005 ◆ Federal Research Public Access Act (FRPAA) introduced 2006 (Probably will be re-introduced in the current session soon)

12. We are not alone... International Activities: December 2001: Budapest Open Access Initiative April 2003: Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (Bethesda Principles) October 2003: Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities Great Britain and other European countries are at the forefront of scholarly communication and open access issues

13. What Next... ◈ Promote changes in scholarly communications at WSU ◆ Invite your Department’s library liaison (or me!) to your department to talk about the WSU Research Exchange ◆ Talk to individuals in your departments about these issues and find out what they are thinking about the changes ◈ Promote the assertion of author rights by WSU researchers ◆ Obtain a copy of the SPARC brochure “Know Your Copy Rights” ◆ Remember that copyright is a bundle of rights that can be divided up, assigning only those necessary to publish an article. ◈ Promote participation in the WSU Research Exchange ◆ Add your publications and presentations ◆ It’s easy and I’d be happy to show you how! ◆ Talk to your colleagues about the value of archiving their works in the Research Exchange

14. Scholarly communication is in a continuing state of change. The Library is working to provide options for the dissemination of your research.

15. Please contact me if you have any questions, comments, suggestions or want to learn more about the WSU Research Exchange Kay Vyhnanek Scholarly Communication Librarian kayv@wsu.edu 509-335-9514 120F Terrell Library