1. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only

2. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  Cooling system problems  Water pump service  Thermostat service  Cooling system hose service  Radiator service  Fan belt service  Engine fan service  Coolant service  Flushing a cooling system

3. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Inspecting Cooling System  Perform a visual inspection for:  coolant leaks  loose or missing fan belts  low coolant level  abnormal water pump noises  plugged radiator fins  coolant in the oil (oil looks milky)  combustion leakage into the coolant

4. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Common Problems

5. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  Coolant leaks  Overheating  Overcooling

6. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Coolant Leaks  External leaks  most common  show up as wet, discolored areas on parts  Internal leaks  caused by cracked block, cracked head, or blown head gasket

7. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Cooling System Problems A blown head gasket can allow combustion gases to enter the coolant

8. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only A cracked part or blown gasket can allow coolant to leak into the engine oil Cooling System Problems

9. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Causes of Overheating  Low coolant level  Rust or scale accumulation in water jacket  Stuck thermostat  Retarded ignition  Loose fan belt  Bad water pump or collapsed lower hose  Missing fan shroud or fan problems

10. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Causes of Overcooling  Stuck thermostat (open)  Locked fan clutch  Shorted fan switch

11. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A bad pump may leak, fail to circulate coolant, or produce a grinding sound  Causes:  rust in the cooling system  lack of coolant  overtightened belts

12. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Visual Inspection The pump shaft should not wiggle or leak

13. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Visual Inspection Watch for leakage from the bleed holes

14. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A stuck thermostat can cause engine overheating or overcooling  Stuck open–overcooling  loss of efficiency, power, mileage  high emissions  Stuck closed–overheating  engine damage

15. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Thermostat Testing  Watch the coolant through the opening in the radiator neck  In a cold engine, the coolant should not flow  In a hot engine, the coolant should begin to circulate past the opening  Use a digital thermometer to monitor the temperature of the thermostat housing

16. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Thermostat Replacement

17. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hoses deteriorate and become soft and mushy or hard and brittle

18. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hose Replacement A. Loosen the clamps; remove the hose B. Clean the fitting and install the new hose and clamps C. Check for leaks

19. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Radiator Removal  Place a catch pan under the cool radiator  Open the petcock to drain the system  Disconnect the hoses and oil cooler lines  Disconnect the wires going to sensors and fan motors  Remove any brackets and the radiator

20. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Radiator Repair  Most repairs are done by a radiator shop  Radiator shops disassemble, clean, repair, reassemble, and test radiators  When installing a radiator, make sure the rubber mounts are in place

21. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A loose fan belt will slip and squeal  may cause overheating  Inspect the condition and tension  Use a belt tension gauge to adjust belts

22. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only  A faulty fan can cause overheating, overcooling, vibration, and water pump damage  Check for bent blades, cracks, or fluid leakage

23. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Coolant should be checked and changed at regular intervals  Breaks down and becomes acidic  The rust preventative properties are lost How to change radiator fluid; video examplevideo How to change radiator fluid; video examplevideo

24. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Changing Coolant Depending on the type of coolant, it should be replaced every 2 years

25. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Checking Coolant Level The coolant should be even with the correct marking on the reservoir. Video Example Video Example

26. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Checking Coolant Level The coolant should be 1" below the top of the tank

27. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Testing Coolant Strength  Should be at least 50/50 ratio Antifreeze to water.  Determines freeze-up protection  To test, use the correct tool:  Ethylene Glycol (Green Colour), use cooling system hydrometer  Propolyne Glycol (Orange Colour), use a refractometer

28. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Hydrometer The number of balls floating indicates freeze protection

29. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Refractometer How to test antifreeze - VideoVideo

30. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only Cleans rust and scale from the system – California Video Example, prestone video example.– California Video prestone video example

31. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only The End