2. Agricultural Pollutants and Fertilizers A farm is a high contributor to water pollution…why??? Rain typically washes nutrients and fertilizers off of a poorly managed field and into the water sources (surface runoff) All of the major water sources eventually connect to one another…causing pollutants to travel long distances

3. BRAINSTORM: Why would it be beneficial to not use fertilizers in your yard? Hint #1: How might fertilizers affect the surrounding ecosystem? Hint #2: Think about cost, type of fertilizer, etc.

4. Algal Bloom What is it? A rapid increase in the algae population Colors could be green, yellowish-brown, or red Some are caused by excess nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen Algal blooms are vicious cycles: Increase in nutrients means increased growth of algae More algae means less plants More dead plants (organic matter) means more food for the algae-increase in algae population

5. Red Tide Common name for algal bloom Florida usually has an annual red tide occurance Toxins from the microorganisms cause the sea creatures to become poisonous for human consumption, a lot of times without knowing The pigment in these organisms cause the different colors.

6. Eutrophication Process of increasing the nutrients in the ecosystem by using chemical nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen are two common ones) Humans can increase the rate at which the nutrients enter the ecosystem Approximately 65% of the lakes in the U.S. are affected by eutrophication Can affect the growth of algae and plants.

7. Thermal Pollution Caused by a large increase in the temperature of the water because of humans Occurs in lakes, rivers, or shallow bays located near power plants or industrial sites Increased water temp means decreased amounts of oxygen that the water can hold Suffocates fish Think about nuclear power plants and other industries, that are constantly releasing heat into the environment Not all Thermal Pollution is a bad thing… Manatees in southern Florida like that extra heat that the power plants give off. So oftentimes they migrate to these warmer areas