1. Drainage Water Management with Surface Drainage Systems USDA is an Equal Opportunity Employer & Provider

2. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Jerry D. Walker, P.E. Agricultural Engineer (Water Management) Natural Resources Conservation Service Central National Technology Support Center Fort Worth, TX USDA is an Equal Opportunity Employer & Provider

3. DWM (554)- Surface Systems Surface drainage systems. Surface drainage systems. Conditions where DWM applies. Conditions where DWM applies. Presence of Water Table Presence of Water Table Surface/Subsurface Drainage System Surface/Subsurface Drainage System Structure for water control (587) Structure for water control (587) Surface Drain, field ditch (607) Surface Drain, field ditch (607) Surface Drain, main or lateral (608) Surface Drain, main or lateral (608) Sometimes Subsurface Drain (606) Sometimes Subsurface Drain (606) Other practices with potential water quality impact => surface drainage. Other practices with potential water quality impact => surface drainage.

4. Flooded Field

5. Drop Structure for Field Drainage

6. Drainage control structures providing water table control must be capable of passing surface runoff from storm events.

7. Terrace Design Tool Webinar, April 27, 2011

10. Water Table Management Alternatives Parallel Field Drains – with Pipe

11. Field Layout of WTM System-Pipe

12. Water Table Management Alternatives Parallel Field Ditches

13. Field Layout of WTM System - Ditches

15. Controlled Drainage Flashboard Riser Water Control Structure Courtesy: Soil and Water Management NCSU, BAE DEPT

16. Mechanisms by which Controlled Drainage enhances water quality Yield increase Yield increase 5 bu/ac corn equals 3.5 pounds additional N uptake 5 bu/ac corn equals 3.5 pounds additional N uptake Reduced outflow volume Reduced outflow volume Courtesy: Soil and Water Management NCSU, BAE DEPT

17. Mechanisms by which Controlled Drainage enhances water quality Yield increase Reduced outflow volume Need rain to achieve expected outcome Courtesy: Soil and Water Management NCSU, BAE DEPT

18. Other conservation practices with potential water quality impacts Constructed wetland (657) Constructed wetland (657) Pond (378) Pond (378) Diversion (362) Diversion (362) Structure for water control (587) Structure for water control (587) Underground outlet (620) Underground outlet (620) Water and sediment control basin (638) Water and sediment control basin (638)

21. Drainage References NRCS NRCS NEH, Section 16, Drainage of Agricultural Land NEH, Section 16, Drainage of Agricultural Land NEH, Part 624, Chap. 10, Water Table Control NEH, Part 624, Chap. 10, Water Table Control EFH, Chap. 14, Water Management (Drainage), (Subchapter E – Water Table Management) EFH, Chap. 14, Water Management (Drainage), (Subchapter E – Water Table Management) EFH, Chap.19, Hydrology Tools for Wetland Determination EFH, Chap.19, Hydrology Tools for Wetland Determination

22. Drainage References (cont) University University Soil and Water Management Group – NCSU BAE Dept: http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/soil_water/ drainmod/index.html Soil and Water Management Group – NCSU BAE Dept: http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/soil_water/ drainmod/index.html Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio Extension Programs Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio Extension Programs ASABE - numerous technical papers on DWM ASABE - numerous technical papers on DWM Pipe Manufacturer Literature Pipe Manufacturer Literature

23. Next Presentation Hamid Farahani Wrap-Up