1. MnO 2 Resin: Concentration of Radium Isotopes Deok-Soo Moon Bill Burnett Department of Oceanography Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida

2. Applications in Oceanography Mixing rates between near-shore and offshore waters Assessment of submarine groundwater discharge

3. Scale for Laboratory Use “MnO 2 Resin” Developed by PGRF 80-160 mesh Preconcentration approach in batch, column, or pump (filtration) modes High adsorption of Ra, trivalent and tetravalent actinides (Ac, Am, Pu, Th)

4. MnO 2 Resin Experiments  Uptake studies: 133 Ba and Ra; batch and column modes; kinetics; optimum conditions  Evaluate difference in chemical behavior, if any, between Ba and Ra  Evaluate use of MnO 2 Resin cartridge with pump for processing

5. Tracers, Analytical Approach Ba-133 (commercial, nominal activity) Ra-228 (separated from Th-232 solution) Ba-133 via  -spect (NaI) and LSC Ra-228 via Ac-228 separation (Diphonix), HEDPA elution, LSC counting

6. Batch Experiments  Ba-133 spike, adjust pH, react Mn Resin with measured vol, vary time, resin, pH  Filter using syringe  Measure resin with NaI detector  Measure fluid with LSC  Perform experiments with both deionized water and seawater

7. Distribution Coefficient A o = initial activity solution A f = final activity solution V = volume solution W = weight of resin

8. Kinetics, pH  3 pH = 3 Resin = 25 mg Solution = 10 mL

9. Kinetics, pH = 7 pH = 7 Resin = 25 mg Solution = 10 mL Floridan Aquifer groundwater ~40-200 mg/L (0.04-0.2 o / oo )

10. Optimize Amount of Resin pH = 3 or 7 Resin = variable Solution = 10 mL DDW Reaction time = 90 min

11. pH Variation pH = variable Resin = 25 mg Solution = 10 mL Reaction time = 90 min

12. Column Experiments

13. Column Results pH = 7 Resin = 1 g Solution = 1 liter DDW Flow rate  0.65 mL/cm 2.min (gravity flow  1 mL/min)

14. Pump Tests Peristaltic pump; cartridge loaded with 1 g MnO 2 Resin; single pass

15. Ba Recovery vs Flow Rate 96.2  2.7% pH = 7 Resin = 1g Solution = 1L DDW or SW Variable flow

16. Ra Recovery vs Flow Rate pH = 7 Resin = 1g Solution = 1L DDW or SW Variable flow 95.2  5.1%

17. Ba/Ra Recovery Ratio pH = 7 Resin = 1g Solution = 1L DDW or SW Variable flow 1.01  0.05

18. Summary/Future Work MnO 2 Resin adsorbs Ra and Ba very well Little difference in uptake between Ra and Ba except in sw Investigate intermediate salinities (typical groundwaters, etc.) Mate to RAD-7 radon analyzer for Ra-224 Study adsorption of Am(III), Th(IV), etc.

19. RAD-7 For Ra-224 Analysis MnO 2 Resin can be put in line with a RAD-7 Rn analyzer to quantify Ra-224 (and Ra-226)

20. Ra Isotopes via RAD-7 Kim et al., 2001, ES&T, 35, 4680. Resin

21. Drinking Water monitoring Water Pipe MnO 2 Resin

22. Drinking Water monitoring MnO 2 Resin RAD7 224 Ra Instant. MnO 2 Resin RAD7 226 Ra Several days MnO 2 Resin Beta count. Elution-LSC 228 Ra 30 Hours