1. PRINTERS Introduction

2. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved OVERVIEW In this chapter, you will learn to Describe current printer technologies Explain the laser printing process Install a printer on a Windows PC Recognize and fix basic printer problems

3. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved IMPACT PRINTERS Impact printers leave an image on the paper Physically strike an inked ribbon against the surface of the paper Relatively slow and noisy Used for multipart forms Point of sale receipts Offices

4. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved DOT-MATRIX PRINTERS Dot-matrix printers Use an array of pins known as printwires to strike an inked printer ribbon and produce images The case that holds the print wires is called the printhead Use either 9-pin (draft quality) or 24-pin (letter or near-letter quality)

5. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved INKJET PRINTERS Inkjet printers Simple devices that consist of the following: Printhead, support electronics, a transfer mechanism, and a paper-feed component Work by ejecting ink through tiny tubes Ink is heated by tiny resistors or electroconductive plates at the end of each tube The resistors or plates boil the ink, which creates a tiny air bubble that ejects a droplet of ink onto the paper Some inkjets use mechanical methods to eject ink Most color printers are ink-jet and produce a high- quality image

6. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved INSIDE AN INKJET PRINTER

7. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved INKJET KEY FEATURES Print resolution –Density of the ink –Dots per inch (dpi) Print speed –Pages per minute (ppm) Can print to almost anything

8. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved DYE-SUBLIMATION PRINTERS Dye-sublimation printers (or thermal dye transfer printers) use sublimation Sublimation causes something to change from a solid form into a vapor and then back into a solid Used for fine detail and rich color One pass for each color Produces high-quality output

9. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved THERMAL PRINTERS Thermal printers Same as first generation of fax machines Two types: direct thermal and thermal wax Use a heated printhead to burn dots into the surface of special heat-sensitive paper Still used for receipts at some businesses

10. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTERS Laser printers use a mechanism called electro- photographic imaging Produce high-quality and high-speed output of both text and graphics More expensive than inkjet or impact printers Use lasers as a light source

11. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER PARTS Toner cartridge Holds the toner Many other parts that suffer the most wear and tear contained in toner cartridge Photosensitive drum Aluminum cylinder coated with particles of photosensitive compounds Erase lamp Exposes the entire surface of the photosensitive drum to light

12. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER PARTS Primary corona Enables voltage to pass to the drum and charge the photosensitive particles on its surface Laser Acts as the writing mechanism of the printer Toner Fine powder made up of plastic particles bonded to iron particles

13. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER PARTS Transfer corona Applies a positive charge to the paper Fuser Attaches the toner permanently to the paper using the pressure roller and heated roller Fuser assembly Fuses the toner to the paper

14. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER COMPONENTS

15. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER PARTS Primary power supply Provides power to the motors that move the paper, system electronics, and transfer corona High-voltage power supply Provides power to the primary corona When inserting a new toner cartridge, always turn the laser printer off before opening it Turning gears Discrete units called gear packs or gearboxes

16. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved LASER PRINTER PARTS System board Contains the main processor, ROM, and RAM ROM can often be “flashed” Not enough RAM results in memory overflow error Ozone filter Ozone (O3) can damage printer components Filter needs to be replaced periodically Sensors and Switches Detects paper jams, empty paper trays, low toner levels, and so on

17. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved SOLID INK PRINTERS Use solid sticks of nontoxic “ink” Produces vibrant color Ink is melted and absorbed into the paper fibers Only needs a single pass More expensive than other printers But ink sticks are significantly less expensive than inkjet cartridges

18. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved QUIZ (4 QUESTIONS) The following slides contain an interractive quiz that will test the knowledsge you have gained so far from the materials you just finished review. Relax and answer the questions as best as you can remember.

19. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved QUIZ (4 QUESTIONS)

20. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved PRINTER LANGUAGES American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) Basic alphanumeric characters and a variety of control codes for transferring data and controlling printers Limited in its capability The PostScript page description language (PDL) developed by Adobe Device-independent printer language capable of high-resolutions and scalable fonts Printers print faster because most of the image processing is done by the printer and not the PC Postscript files are very portable

21. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved PRINTER LANGUAGES Hewlett Packard developed the Printer control language (PCL) Expanded set of printer commands Dependent on the printer hardware Does not support advanced graphical functions Does not define the page as a single raster image Windows 2000/XP uses the Windows graphical device interface (GDI) The operating system handles print functions If the printer has a capable raster image processor and enough RAM, you don’t need to worry about the printer language