1. Sensory Modalities General Senses: 1. Somatic (Exteroceptors) a. Touch b. Pressure c. Temperature d. Proprioception e. Pain 2. Visceral (Interoceptors) a. Pain b. Pressure

2. Examples of sensory receptors and their relationship with 1 st order neurons

3. Sensory Modalities Special Senses a. Smell or Olfaction b. Taste or Gustation c. Sight or Vision d. Sound or Auditory e. Balance or Equilibrium

4. The Process of Sensations 1.Stimulation of a sensory receptor 2.Transduction of the stimulus Conversion of the stimulus into a graded potential 3.Generation of an impulse Conversion of a graded potential into an action potential at a trigger zone and propagation to CNS 4. Integration of sensory input

5. Classification of General Sensory Receptors Type of SenseReceptor TypeStimulus TouchMechanoreceptorCompression PressureMechanoreceptorCompression TemperatureThermoreceptorsTemperature ProprioceptionMechanoreceptorCompression PainNociceptorsIrritation

6. Summary of Tactile Sensory Receptors ReceptorSensationsAdaptation Meissner Corpuscles Touch, pressure, slow vibrations Rapid Hair root plexusesTouchRapid Merkel’s discTouch and pressureSlow Ruffini corpusclesStretching of skinSlow Free nerve endingItch/tickleBoth Pacinian Corpuscles Pressure, fast vibrations, tickling Rapid

7. Summary of Sensory Receptors ReceptorSensationsAdaptation Free nerve endingTemperatureRapid Free nerve endingPainSlow Muscle spindlesMuscle lengthSlow Tendon organsMuscle tensionSlow Joint Kinesthetic receptors Joint position and movement Rapid

8. Somatic Receptors of the Skin

9. Classification of Special Sensory Receptors Type of SenseReceptor TypeStimulus SmellChemoreceptorBinding of Molecules TasteChemoreceptorBinding of Molecules SightPhotoreceptorsLight SoundMechanoreceptorSound waves BalanceMechanoreceptorMovement of head

11. Olfactory epithelium, Olfactory receptors, and Olfactory Nerves

12. Relationship of Gustatory receptors in Taste Buds to tongue papillae