1. CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING {CIDR} & SUBNETTING PHILLIP LAFLEUR NATHAN GRAMMES JONATHAN BENNETT

2. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE STEP 1: CONNECT A BUNCH OF COMPUTERS STEP 2: DEVELOP ADDRESS SYSTEM Internet Protocol (IP) Address

3. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE 192. 168. 5. 130 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 BIT CONVERTER

4. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 Octet 32 Bits

5. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE STEP 1: CONNECT A BUNCH OF COMPUTERS STEP 2: DEVELOP ADDRESS SYSTEM Internet Protocol (IP) Address STEP 3: ASSIGN IP ADDRESSES ?

6. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE The CLASSFUL NETWORK (ABRIDGED) A B C 17 MILLION 65 THOUSAND 254 Assigned based on 3 classes,, representing available hosts What if you only need 3,000? C C C C C C Cluttered routing table. B Waste 62,000+ addresses!

7. 70.0.0.0 70.1.0.0 70.2.0.0 70.3.0.0 70.4.0.0 The CLASSFUL NETWORK (ABRIDGED) 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

8. 70.5.0.0 70.6.0.0 70.7.0.0 70.8.0.0 70.9.0.0 70.10.0.0 70.11.0.0 70.12.0.0 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE

9. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE Available IP’s exhausted after 254 assignments of Class B. PROBLEM

10. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE

11. 0.0.0.130 255.255.255.0 192.168.50.0.0.130 192.168.5.130 HOST NUMBER SUBNET NETWORK PREFIX HOST NUMBER IP ADDRESS 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) SUBNETTING Let’s just divide our network into MANAGABLE bits.

12. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) SUBNETTING Let’s just divide our network into MANAGABLE bits. 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.130 255.255.255.0 192.168.5.130 Designates network prefix 255 = Entire Octet (0 – 254) or (in binary) Leading 1s and trailing 0s

13. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) SUBNETTING Network prefix and host suffix can be found with binary operation AND. 11000000.10101000.00000101.00000000 00000000.00000000.00000000.10000010 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 AND IP Address Subnet Mask Network Prefix Host Number 1 AND 0 = 00 AND 0 = 01 AND 1 = 1

14. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) CIDR+SUBNETTING CIDR represents the notation in which subnetting is represented. IP / INITIAL BITS 192.168.5.130 / 24 11000000.10101000.00000101.10000010 192. 168. 5. 130

15. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70.1.0.0/ 23 70.1.0.0 – 70.1.1.254 510 Hosts

16. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70.1.0.0/ 22 70.1.0.0 – 70.1.3.254 1020 Hosts

17. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70.1.0.0/ 21 70.1.0.0 – 70.1.7.254 2046 Hosts

18. 1993 CLASSLESS INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING AND SUBNETTING The SOLUTION (UNABRIDGED) IMPLICATIONS 70.0.0.0 70.1.15.0 / 22 70.1.16.0 / 12 70.1.16.0 / 15 70.1.12.0 / 16

19. 1981 CLASSFUL NETWORK ADDRESSING ARCHITECTURE IP ‘division’ via subnetting allows for specific distribution of IPs AWESOME