1. The Knee Joint Largest and Most Complex Joint

2. Structure of the Knee Lateral and Medial Epicondyles Lateral and Medial Epicondyles on both femur and tibia on both femur and tibia Tibial Tuberosity Tibial Tuberosity front of tibia front of tibia Patellofemoral Joint – patella held in place by the quadracep tendon (above), patellar lig. (below), and intervening fibers that form a pocket Patellofemoral Joint – patella held in place by the quadracep tendon (above), patellar lig. (below), and intervening fibers that form a pocket Medial and Lateral Condyle (femur) Medial and Lateral Condyle (femur) Intercondylar fossa (femur) Intercondylar fossa (femur) Intercondylar eminence (tibia) Intercondylar eminence (tibia)

4. Menisci Circular rims of fibrocartilage on the articular surfaces of the head of the tibia Circular rims of fibrocartilage on the articular surfaces of the head of the tibia

5. Menisci Thick on the outside – get thinner on the inside Thick on the outside – get thinner on the inside Deepen the joint and serve as shock absorbers Deepen the joint and serve as shock absorbers Inner edges are free, but the other borders are attached loosely to the rim of the head of the tibia Inner edges are free, but the other borders are attached loosely to the rim of the head of the tibia Medial and Lateral Meniscus Medial and Lateral Meniscus

6. Ligaments Patellar lig.* Patellar lig.* Medial (tibial) Collateral lig.* Medial (tibial) Collateral lig.* Lateral (fibular) Collateral lig.* Lateral (fibular) Collateral lig.* Oblique Popliteal lig. Oblique Popliteal lig. Anterior Cruciate lig.* Anterior Cruciate lig.* Posterior Cruciate lig.* Posterior Cruciate lig.* Transverse lig. Transverse lig. Iliotibial tract Iliotibial tract

10. Movements Flexion and Extension Flexion and Extension Inward and Outward rotation in the non-weight bearing flexed position Inward and Outward rotation in the non-weight bearing flexed position

11. Muscles of the Knee Joint Anterior (Extension) Quadraceps femoris group 1. Rectus femoris 2. Vastus intermedius 3. Vastus lateralis 4. Vastus medialis Posterior (Flexion) Hamstring group 1. Biceps femoris 2. Semimembranosus 3. Semitendinosus Sartorius Gracilis Popliteus* Gastrocnemius*