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Properties of Alkanes Nonpolar molecules – not water-soluble Relatively low melting and boiling points Generally less dense than water The longer the chain.

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Presentation on theme: "Properties of Alkanes Nonpolar molecules – not water-soluble Relatively low melting and boiling points Generally less dense than water The longer the chain."— Presentation transcript:

1 Properties of Alkanes Nonpolar molecules – not water-soluble Relatively low melting and boiling points Generally less dense than water The longer the chain (greater molecular weight), the higher the melting point, boiling point, and density.

2 NameMelting pt (°C) Boiling pt (°C) Density at 0°C (g/mL) Methane-182.5-160Gas Ethane-183.6-88.7Gas Propane-187.6-42.2Gas Butane-139.0-0.4Gas Pentane-129.936.00.626 Hexane-94.568.80.659 Heptane-90.698.40.684 Octane-56.9125.60.703 Nonane-53.6150.70.718 Decane-29.7174.00.730

3 Constitutional Isomers Molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms C 4 H 10 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CHCH 3 butane2-methylpropane b.p. = -0.4°C, b.p. = -12°C m.p. = -139°Cm.p. = -145°C

4 Website to practice building isomers http://antoine.frostburg.edu/cgi- bin/senese/tutorials/isomer/ind ex.cgi Copy down your work into your notebook! Name the isomers that are built for butane, pentane, hexane, and heptane.

5 Homework Page 306: 11.3 & 11.4 Page 308-9: 11.5 & 11.6 Page 318-319: 19, 22, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 DUE:

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