1. PHOSPHORUS
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 2p3

2. Discovery of Phosphorus
17th centenary alchemists searching for a way to make “philosophers stone” a magical substance that turns base metals into gold.
Hennig Brandt discovered Phosphorus in 1669 when he was trying to make “philosophers stone”
The then unknown substance was dripping from his retort in waxy yellow drops
It got its name from when he heated it slightly it caught in fire right away giving it the name of phosphorus which means “bringer of light” in Greek

3. Sources Of Phosphorus Found in DNA and RNA Vital element to life
Phosphorus never directly used in environment
Too much phosphate can cause health problems like kidney damage and osteoporosis
Naturally found in food
Once extracted from urine but no need any more found in phosphate ores
Mine for in Russia, Morocco, Tunisia, Togo and Nauru
No need make in lab enough made commercially

4. Characteristics of Phosphorus
Most common form of phosphorus are white phosphorus and red phosphorus
A rare one is black phosphorus
The density is 1.82 g/ml at room temperature
The melting point is 44.2 °C
The boiling point is 280 °C
One form of white phosphorus is a waxy white solid It glows in the dark
It is a deadly poison
At 250°C the white phosphorus is converted to red phosphorus
It doesn’t catch fire spontaneously and is a little less dangerous than white phosphorus
The second is when its pure it is colorless and transparent
It is insoluble in water, but soluble in carbon disulphide
Also it catches fire spontaneously in the air
Black phosphorous is made under high pressure
It looks like graphite
It also has the ability to conduct electricity

5. Uses of Phosphorus Past Present Future
In 1831 Charles Sauria made a "strike-anywhere" match. Its head was a mixture of white phosphorus, potassium chlorate, gum, and starch. When they were rubbed against rough surfaces they ignited. These matches were very poisonous and killed thousands of match-makers or crippled them.
Present
Since 1844 we have still used phosphorus but it is on the side of the box and it is the red phosphorus. When the head strikes the red phosphorus the antimony(III) sulfide and potassium chlorate create friction which changes the red phosphorus to white.
Future
In the future phosphorus could be used to create safer fire starting ways.

6. Bohr-Rutherford Diagram
15=P
15=N

7. Bibliography
Darling, David. "Phosphorus(P)." The Internet Encyclopedia of Science. 30 Nov <
Winter, Mark. "Phosphorus." Web Elements Nov <
"Phosphorus-P." Lenntech Nov <