1. Cell Transport

4. Definition: The movement of substances within a cell, and the movement of substances into and out of a cell. Passive Transport & Active Transport2 Types: Example: Animal Cell: Into the Cell  Out of Cell  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O

5. Active Transport Definition: When a cell uses energy to move substances. Moving substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration Example: When a paramecium excretes water from its contractile vacuole

6. Passive Transport Definition: When substances move into and out of a cell because of diffusion and osmosis. Does not require energy (ATP) Random motion of molecules leads to dispersal 2 Types: Diffusion Osmosis

7. Diffusion Definition: A form of Passive Transport When substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. What is concentration?

8. BeforeAfter High Concentration Of Fart Molecules Low Concentration of Fart Molecules Fart Molecules equally spread out throughout the classroom

9. Equilibrium Definition:When there is an equal concentration of substances spread throughout an area or container.

10. Osmosis Definition: A form of Passive Transport Diffusion in water: When different concentrations of dissolved substances in water (a solution) causes water to move from one area to another 3 Types of solutions : 1. Hypertonic 2. Hypotonic 3. Isotonic

11. 1. Hypertonic Solution Water High conc. - Low conc. - Before After Salt High conc. - Low conc. - Inside the cell Outside the cell Overall Water moves out of the cell Inside the cell Outside the cell Overall Salt moves into the cell

12. 2. Hypotonic Solution Water High conc. - Low conc. - BeforeAfter Sugar High conc. - Low conc. - Outside the cell Inside the cell Overall Water moves into the cell Outside the cell Inside the cell Overall Sugar moves out of the cell Sugar

13. 3. Isotonic Solution Same concentration of salt/sugar inside and outside the cell. Molecules continue to move, but overall stay in equilibrium.

14. Key Points for Osmosis…. What Moves?1.Water 2.The substance dissolved in water which can be sugar, salt, urine etc… What Happens? Water typically moves to the dissolved substance. Example… put salt on an eggplant and water will move out of the eggplant to the salt.

15. Osmosis in Animal Cells Details:Animal cells have a flexible membrane which can expand and contract.

16. Osmosis in Animal Cells Hypotonic Hypertonic

17. Osmosis in Animal Cells Cytolysis: The expansion of a cell due to a hypotonic solution. In some cases the cell may burst. Crenation The shrinking of a cell due to a hypertonic solution. HypotonicHypertonic

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19. This is a freshwater gold fish. What issues will it experience in saltwater and pure water?

20. Osmosis in Plant Cells Details:Different than animal cells because of a rigid outer wall known as the cell wall. The support of the cell wall prevents the plant cell from major changes in shape and size.

21. Osmosis in Plant Cells Hypotonic Hypertonic

22. Osmosis in Plant Cells Turgor Pressure The expansion of the cell membrane causes the cell wall to bend outward Plasmolysis: The shrinking of the cell membrane causes the cell wall to bend inward HypotonicHypertonic

24. What happened to the plant cell? Describe why this happened to the plant cell. Did anything leave or go into the cell? Explain

25. Types of Liquids Pure Water Water with no salt or other dissolved substances (100% water) Also known as distilled water Salt Solution A solution of water and salt with a high concentration of salt. (80% water, 20% salt)

26. Types of Liquids Cell Solution A solution of water and dissolved substances found in a “typical cell. Typically, cells have a small amount of dissolved salt, sugar, wastes, etc.. 94% water, 6% salt, sugar, and wastes 94% water 2% sugar 2% wastes 2% salt

29. Background information for lab experiments:  Molasses is a simple sugar (small molecule)  Iodine is an indicator for starch  Iodine which is yellow/orange turns starch black  Starch is a large molecule, made up of many small sugars  Potatoes are made of cells (duh) Answer the conclusion questions in full sentences. If there is a key term (ex. hypotonic, equilibrium, etc...) circle the key term in the sentence.

30. Lab A:Starch and Iodine

31. Lab B:Molasses and Water

32. Lab C: Potato in Potato in Distilled WaterSaltwater

33. Lab A:Starch and Iodine

34. Lab B:Molasses and Water

35. Lab C: Potato in Potato in Distilled WaterSaltwater