1. Cyber habits of school children Rossouw von Solms Institute for ICT Advancement

2. 2 Introduction The Information Security Management Group at NMMU is currently running a project called: Cyber Security General Security Awareness for employees (should have a NMMU short course on the web early 2011) Cyber security for the public in general Internet services in Retirement Villages eSafety in Schools (Mariska de Lange)

3. 3 Agenda IntroductionInternational statisticsSouth African statisticsGeneral trendsPossible solutionsConcluding remarks

4. 4 Introduction Many children in developed world have cell phones, bank cards and are active on social networks Lots of information, including personal information, is shared daily Young people are also very active on peer-to- peer file sharing Today, most people (over 10 years of age) are engaged in some form of online or electronic services or communication (Mitropoulou & Triantafyllidis, 2008)

5. 5 Introduction The Question is: To what extent are security, privacy and ethical issues in tact in all of the above cases?

6. 6 International statistics Children New Zealand Study (347 girls aged 11 – 19) “29% sent mail and 26% got in touch via phone calls with people they met via the Internet” “33.5% did personally get in touch with strangers they met via the Internet” “60% had used at least once the Internet in an unsafe way, i.e. passing on their name, address, phone number, or pictures.” “75% of the girls indicate they are being controlled only occasionally by their parents as to their Internet usage and 37.5 % reports never being controlled.” (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

7. 7 International statistics Children United Kingdom (1434 children aged 8 – 11) 60% were totally unaware of basic e-safety guidelines United States of America (1501 children aged 10 – 17) 25% were exposed to unwanted sexual material 19% were being sexually propositioned while being online (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

8. 8 International statistics Children United States of America (322 children grades 7 - 10) 45% spent time at sites related to guns and explosives 74% reported contact with strangers via email or chat rooms 25% acknowledged that they had shared information about themselves, such as; name, school, address phone number, etc. (M Valke et al, Computers in Human Behaviour, 2007)

9. 9 South African statistics Study conducted Port Elizabeth: Six schools 3 primary schools 3 secondary schools 1594 children from grades 6 to 12 Following are some of the statistics:

10. 10 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

11. 11 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

12. 12 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

13. 13 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

14. 14 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

15. 15 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

16. 16 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

17. 17 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

18. 18 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

19. 19 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

20. 20 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

21. 21 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

22. 22 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study:

23. 23 South African statistics The Port Elizabeth study: We plan to compare our statistics with the international stats soon.

24. 24 General trends Some major concerns are raised:

25. 25 General trends Some major concerns are raised:

26. 26 General trends

27. 27 General trends

28. 28 General trends Younger generation - too cavalier-like Seemingly no fear and respect for electronic information and assets Millennials – schizophrenic behaviour Seemingly different principles for private and business lives Older generation – too conservative Seemingly a lack of appreciation for technological advances

29. 29 Possible solution eSafety, (the security, privacy and ethical aspects related to electronic information and communication technology) is indeed a major problem What can be done about the situation?

30. 30 Possible solution eSafety needs to become part and parcel to all of us – young and old! An eSafety culture needs to be cultivated, through education and awareness

31. 31 Possible solution eSafety Awareness & Education Who? Parents / Adults? Schools / Teachers? Peers / Friends? Contents? Technical issues? Psychological issues? Ethical issues? Legal issues?

32. 32 An eSafety Culture – the Solution? eSafety Awareness & Education When? At school as part of curriculum? How? Formally? Informally?

33. 33 Possible solution Who, When, How with which Content? This is the Jackpot Question

34. 34 Possible solution Solutions in the United Kingdom CEOP – Child Exploitation Online Protection www.ceop.co.uk Material used by schools in the UK

35. 35 Possible solution CEOP Home page

36. 36 Possible solution Solutions in the United Kingdom Think u Know by CEOP – Child Exploitation Online Protection www.ThinkuKnow.co.uk Material used by schools in the UK

37. 37 Possible solution ThinkuKnow Home page

38. 38 Possible solution 5-7 years

39. 39 Possible solution 5-7 years

40. 40 Possible solution 5-7 years

41. 41 Possible solution 8-10 years

42. 42 Possible solution 8-10 years

43. 43 Possible solution 11-16 years

44. 44 Possible solution 11-16 years

45. 45 Possible solution Parents

46. 46 Possible solution Teachers

47. 47 Possible solution Solutions in the United Kingdom SouthWest Grid for Learning www.swgfl.co.uk Material used by schools in the UK

48. 48 Possible solution SWGfL

49. 49 Conclusion eSafety is a huge concern No party has (yet) accepted responsibility for creating something like an eSafe culture

50. 50 Conclusion My proposal is: the DoE takes responsibility and ensure that eSafety is brought officially into the curriculum, teachers are properly trained to educate this curriculum to children and currently available material can be used to do this effectively.

51. 51 Thank You Questions Rossouw von Solms rossouw@nmmu.ac.za