1. 09/06/09 Possible SMHI contributions to EMECO North Sea Observatory Presented at EMECO meeting, Lowestoft 2-3 June 2009 Bengt Karlson Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute Research & development, Oceanography Gothenburg, Sweden bengt.karlson@smhi.se R/V Argos Headquarters, Norrköping Gothenburg office

2. 09/06/09 Activities in the eastern North Sea (the Skagerrak and the Kattegat) National monitoring Monthly sampling of hydrography, phytoplankton, nutrients etc. at 10 stations Sampling 24 times per year at two stations Flow through system on ship (FerryBox) Most data is available when the ship docks or a few days later Regional monitoring Monthly sampling at c. 20 stations Biweekly sampling for harmful algae near aquaculture facilities Primary production – one c. 30 year long time series at mouth of Gullmar fjord FerryBox on cargo ship TransPaper operated in co-operation with Finnish colleagues Buoys Läsö mooring in the Kattegat Väderöbod mooring in the Skagerrak New profiling mooring in the Koster Sea national park Satellite data Surface scums of cyanobacteria (Baltic Algae Watch System) Near surface chlorophyll (not operational today) Coccolithophorid distribution (in connection with possible acidification of the sea) Models 3-D physical model HIROMB 2 nm Biogeochemical model SCOBI River runoff (HYPE) Data sharing facilities Natinal Oceanographic Data Centre for Sweden Facilities for distributing data in near real time, e.g. Seprise European facility for sharing oceanographic data

3. 09/06/09 Regional monitoring National monitoring Monthly sampling of hydrography, phytoplankton, nutrients etc. at 10 stations Sampling 24 times per year at two stations Flow through system on ship (FerryBox) Most data is available when the ship docks or a few days later Regional monitoring Monthly sampling at c. 20 stations Biweekly sampling for harmful algae near aquaculture facilities Primary production – a c. 30 year long time series in the Gullmar fjord FerryBox on cargo ship TransPaper operated in co-operation with Finnish colleagues Buoys Läsö mooring in the Kattegat Väderöbod mooring in the Skagerrak New profiling mooring in the Koster Sea national park Satellite data Surface scums of cyanobacteria (Baltic Algae Watch System) Near surface chlorophyll (not operational today) Coccolithophorid distribution (in connection with possible acidification of the sea) Models 3-D physical model HIROMB 2 nm Biogeochemical model SCOBI River runoff (HYPE) Data sharing facilities Natinal Oceanographic Data Centre for Sweden Facilities for distributing data in near real time, e.g. Seprise European facility for sharing oceanographic data

4. 09/06/09 FerryBox systems National monitoring Monthly sampling of hydrography, phytoplankton, nutrients etc. at 10 stations Sampling 24 times per year at two stations Flow through system on ship (FerryBox) Most data is available when the ship docks or a few days later Regional monitoring Monthly sampling at c. 20 stations Biweekly sampling for harmful algae near aquaculture facilities Primary production – one c. 30 year long time series at mouth of Gullmar fjord FerryBox on cargo ship TransPaper operated in co-operation with Finnish colleagues Buoys Läsö mooring in the Kattegat Väderöbod mooring in the Skagerrak New profiling mooring in the Koster Sea national park Satellite data Surface scums of cyanobacteria (Baltic Algae Watch System) Near surface chlorophyll (not operational today) Coccolithophorid distribution (in connection with possible acidification of the sea) Models 3-D physical model HIROMB 2 nm Biogeochemical model SCOBI River runoff (HYPE) Data sharing facilities Natinal Oceanographic Data Centre for Sweden Facilities for distributing data in near real time, e.g. Seprise European facility for sharing oceanographic data

5. 09/06/09 Buoys National monitoring Monthly sampling of hydrography, phytoplankton, nutrients etc. at 10 stations Sampling 24 times per year at two stations Flow through system on ship (FerryBox) Most data is available when the ship docks or a few days later Regional monitoring Monthly sampling at c. 20 stations Biweekly sampling for harmful algae near aquaculture facilities Primary production – one c. 30 year long time series at mouth of Gullmar fjord FerryBox on cargo ship TransPaper operated in co-operation with Finnish colleagues Buoys Läsö mooring in the Kattegat Väderöbod mooring in the Skagerrak New profiling mooring in the Koster Sea national park Satellite data Surface scums of cyanobacteria (Baltic Algae Watch System) Near surface chlorophyll (not operational today) Coccolithophorid distribution (in connection with possible acidification of the sea) Models 3-D physical model HIROMB 2 nm Biogeochemical model SCOBI River runoff (HYPE) Data sharing facilities Natinal Oceanographic Data Centre for Sweden Facilities for distributing data in near real time, e.g. Seprise European facility for sharing oceanographic data

6. 09/06/09 Koster Sea National park Mooring with sensors on profiling platform max depth for system is 200 m service interval 2-3 months Orust

7. 09/06/09 Operational use of satellite remote sensing BAWS - Baltic Algae Watch System

8. 09/06/09 Models & data sharing National monitoring Monthly sampling of hydrography, phytoplankton, nutrients etc. at 10 stations Sampling 24 times per year at two stations Flow through system on ship (FerryBox) Most data is available when the ship docks or a few days later Regional monitoring Monthly sampling at c. 20 stations Biweekly sampling for harmful algae near aquaculture facilities Primary production – one c. 30 year long time series at mouth of Gullmar fjord FerryBox on cargo ship TransPaper operated in co-operation with Finnish colleagues Buoys Läsö mooring in the Kattegat Väderöbod mooring in the Skagerrak New profiling mooring in the Koster Sea national park Satellite data Surface scums of cyanobacteria (Baltic Algae Watch System) Near surface chlorophyll (not operational today) Coccolithophorid distribution (in connection with possible acidification of the sea) Models 3-D physical model HIROMB 2 nm Biogeochemical model SCOBI River runoff (HYPE) Data sharing facilities Natinal Oceanographic Data Centre for Sweden Facilities for distributing data in near real time, e.g. for: BOOS Seprise

9. 09/06/09 Examples of some possible EMECO products – use of long and short term data Phytoplankton biomass – chlorophyll maps based on a combination of data from research vessels, FerryBox-systems and satellites. Weekly, monthly,yearly 5-year average for quality assessments. Primary production (difficult) Harmful Algal Bloom warnings Carbonate system, e.g. pH, alkalinity, distribution of Coccolithophorids (acidification indicator) Hypoxia maps Nutrients River flow Supporting physical oceanographic data

10. 09/06/09 David Mills Questions & Answers What are we doing? You heard it already! What can we bring to a North Sea Observatory? Everything mentioned Highlights: Ecosystems approach by combining different types of data Expertise regarding HABs Data sharing and presentations at the European level River runoff model at hte European level In addition Alliance for coastal technologies - a system for recurring intercalibration exercises etc. What are our scientific and policy requirements? Challenge – the natural temporal and spatial variability Our waters are strongly stratified !- phytoplankton in sub surface layers Special needs regarding transports to and from the Baltic Sea – boundary conditions WFD + MSFD

11. 09/06/09 Thank you for your attention

12. 09/06/09 Primary production Yearly primary production, Gullmar fjord monitoring programme, Odd Lindahl