2. Changes in Matter

3. matter volume solid liquid gas physical property mass density solubility chemical property

4. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter can have both physical and chemical properties.

5. Volume is the amount of space a sample of matter occupies. Volume A solid is a state of matter with a definite shape and volume.solid A liquid is a state of matter with a definite volume but not a definite shape.liquid A gas is a state of matter without a definite shape or a definite volume.gas

6. All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving. In solids, particles vibrate back and forth in all directions.

7. In liquids, the distance between particles is greater and they can slide past one another.

8. In a gas, particles move freely rather than staying close together.

9. PHYSICAL PROPERTYPHYSICAL PROPERTY: EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES : Any characteristic of matter that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make it up State of matter Temperature Color Size Odor Density Volume Malleability Ductility Solubility Weight Melting point Boiling point

10. Physical change: A change in the size, shape, form, or state of matter that does not change the matter’s identity Physical change Matter can change in many physical and chemical ways. When a physical change occurs, the chemical properties of the matter stay the same.

11. Changes in the state of matter are physical changes. Melting and boiling are both changes in state. Changes in energy cause changes in the state of matter.

12. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Chemical Properties describe a substance based on the ability to change into a new substance with different properties Example: A piece of wood being burned will create new substances of ash and smoke Wood has the chemical property of flammability- the ability to burn

13. Common Chemical Properties… Flammability Non flammability Reactivity with oxygen Reactivity with acid Reactivity with water ** Reactivity simply means that when 2 substances get together, something can happen!

14. REMEMBER!!! **You can observe chemical properties ONLY in substances in which the identity of the substance could change

15. Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties SubstancePhysical PropertyChemical Property HeliumLess dense than airNonflammable WoodGrainy textureFlammable Baking sodaWhite powderReacts with vinegar to produce bubbles Rubbing alcoholClear liquidFlammable Red food coloringRed colorReacts with bleach and loses color IronMalleableReacts with oxygen

16.  FIND ONE SUBSTANCE AT HOME THAT HAS BOTH A PHYSICAL PROPERTY AND CHEMICAL PROPERTY (USE NOTES TO VERIFY)  MAKE A SMALL CHART/LIST:  Substance Physical Property Chemical Property

17.  Scientific Law that states mass can neither be created or destroyed in a physical or chemical reaction  For example, when an antacid tablet reacts with water (alka seltzer) the mass of the water and the tablet before the reaction is equal to the mass of the remaining water and carbon dioxide gas after the reaction