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Published byAshley Gibbs Modified over 9 years ago
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Atomic Number & Mass Number Atomic number = the number of protons Mass number = the number of nucleons (protons & neutrons) A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons.
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Oxygen atom
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Sodium atom
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Aluminium atom
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Copper atom
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Platinum atom
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Gold atom
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Lead atom
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Radium atom
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Uranium atom
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Use your periodic table to find… 1.The number of protons in a carbon atom 2.The number of protons in a sodium atom 3.The number of neutrons in a sodium atom 4.The number of protons in a copper atom 5.The number of neutrons in a copper atom 6.The number of protons in a lead atom 7.The number of neutrons in a lead atom 8.The number of electrons in a lead atom
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How many neutrons are there in a chlorine atom? Some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons. Some have 19… They are “isotopes” of chlorine. (Chlorine–35 and Chlorine-36)
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Example: Carbon Isotopes IsotopesProtonsElectronsNeutrons Carbon-12666 Carbon-13667 Carbon-14668
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WORKSHEET ONE – first page only
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Turning copper into gold?
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Three types of Nuclear Reactions 1.Radioactive decay 2.Fusion 3.Fission
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Uranium atom
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Alpha Radiation ( α particle) High-speed helium nucleus (+ve charge) two protons & two neutrons Can travel up to 10% of speed of light. Range: a few centimetres Can be stopped by a sheet of paper. Can cause serious harm but cannot penetrate skin.
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Beta Radiation ( β particle) High-energy electron (-ve charge) Can travel up to 90% of speed of light. Range: about 30 cm Can be stopped by a sheet of aluminium about 5 mm thick.
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Gamma Radiation ( γ Ray) Electromagnetic radiation with very high energy Occurs as a result of a nucleus being left in a very excited state immediately following other types of radioactivity. Travels at the speed of light. Can penetrate through several centimetres of dense metal such as lead.
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Finish WORKSHEET ONE
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