1. AQUALYTIC ® AQUALYTIC ® Product Training: Water Analysis

2. 2

3. 3 Methods and Products titrimetric methods colorimetric methods tablet count method drop count method speed test MINIKIT Test Kit MINIKIT visual methods photometric methods Comparator CHECKIT ® Test Kit AL100 AL200 AL400 AL450 AL800

4. 4 Principle of Photometric Measurement

5. 5 Electromagnetic spectrum h

6. 6 Absorption of light Green Red STOP Red- / Blue light 700 nm 550 nm 450 nm White light 700 nm 550 nm 450 nm Red Blue hh

7. 7 Absorption of light E = lg I 0 I I 0 : Intensitiy of the entering light I: Intensitiy of the transmitted light 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ∞ 1.00 0.50 0.30 0.15 0.05 0.00 Transmission [%] Extinction [Abs] T[%] E[Abs]

8. 8 Principle of Photometric Measurement

9. 9 Detector LED Interfe- rence filter Measuring beam Interfe- rence filter Principle of AL400

10. 10 Principle of AL450

11. 11 Principle of AL800 Microprocessor unit Tungsten halogen lamp Monochromator Movable mirror Sample chamber Silicon photodiode For checking the optical system the AL800 has an integrated Didymium-filter, which is placed automatically in front of the detector during self test.

12. 12 Principle of Turbidity Measurement

13. 13 COD-BOD  BODCOD

14. 14 COD-BOD Relationship  ≈ 20 % non degradable organic material  ≈ 80 % degradable organic material COD/ BOD 5 Relation Characteristics < 1,7 Easy degradable / nearly complete decomposition 1,7 – 10Incomplete decomposition / reasons:  Some of the material is not degradable  Inhibition because of toxic ingredients  Slow adaptation of microorganisms > 10No decomposition / reasons:  Persistent ingredients  Complete inhibition because of toxic substances

15. 15 BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand C org + O 2 Bacteria CO 2 + Cell mass Measurement corresponds to the process during waste water treatment: ∆ p = BOD Carbon dioxide Organic Oxygen Materials Pressure Sensor Gasket & CO 2 Absorber Glass Bottle Gas Phase Waste Water

16. 16 Schematic diagram of a wastewater treatment plant (activated sludge plant) Oxygen supply Waste feed Aeration tank Waste sludge Effluent Sludge Return

17. 17 Important Wastewater Parameter Waste water treatment plant Nitrogen means: - Ammonia - Nitrate - Nitrite

18. 18 BOD 5  BODn+1 > BODn (20,6 % p.d.)  BOD 5  70% degradation of total BOD

19. 19 BOD-Graph  A: Idealised BOD-Graph  B: Nitrification occures (use nitrification inhibitor N-ATH)  C: Measurement is overrange (change measuring range or dillute sample)  D: Measurment system is leaky or anaerobiosis occurs  E: Microorganisms were not pre-adapted; choose a suitable inokulum

20. 20 pH-Sensor Buffer solution pH 7 Metal lead for pH voltage Metal lead for pH voltage (Reference Ag/AgCl element) Reference Elektrolyte Reference diaphragm pH glas diaphragm

21. 21 pH-Value SL_2 U_AS SL_1 pH-value Potentialin mV

22. 22 Conductivity- Sensor

23. 23 Oxygen-Sensor Refill opening Sensor shaft O-Ring seal Membrame cap