1. (Re. Alice Aycock’s Sacramento Convention Center sculpture, Untitled) The Zoetrope or "Wheel of Life" was invented by William Horner in Strips of paper with sequential pictures are placed around the inside of the drum and when the drum is rotated and the pictures viewed through the slots the pictures appear to move.

2. Video Art 1970s

3. Nam June Paik (American, b
Nam June Paik (American, b. Seoul, Korea, ) Zen for Head, Fluxus performance, 1962

4. Paik, 1961 Fluxus Festival of New Music, Weisbaden, German

5. Shigeko Kubota (American b
Shigeko Kubota (American b. Japan, 1937) performing her Vagina Painting, taken July 4th, 1965, New York City during Perpetual Fluxus Festival (paint brush attached to crotch)

6. Nam June Paik and John Cage in Marcel Duchamp and John Cage Video by Shigeko Kubota, 1972 [still]

7. Paik, (left) Zen for TV, 1963 (right) TV Buddha, 1974

8. Marshall McLuhan Understanding Media, first published in 1964
The period after World War-II in the US is considered
the last and final birth of television.  The explosion of
sets into the American marketplace occurred in

9. Paik (left) began interfering with television images in the early 1960s; (right) TV Magnet, “Some day artists will work with capacitors, resistors and semi-conductors as they work today with brushes, violins and junk.” Paik

10. Paik, (left) TV Bra for Living Sculpture, 1969; (right) Opera Sextronique with Charlotte Moorman (US ), 1969

11. (left) Mooreman, Paik, Joseph Beuys, Fluxus Action, 1966; (left) with Yoko Ono and John Lennon (1971); (right, below) Moorman performing Paik's Concerto for TV Cello and Videotapes (1971) at Galeria Bonino, New York, November 23, 1971;

12.
Nam June Paik, Global Groove, 1974; Paik in studio of WGBH, which broadcast Global Groove
'This is a glimpse of a video landscape of tomorrow when
you will be able to switch on any TV station on the earth and
TV guides will be as fat as the Manhattan telephone book.'
- Paik

13. Paik, Video Fish, 1975, Three channel video installation with aquariums, water, 45 live Japanese fish, Pompidou Center (Paris) collection, 7 of 15 monitors

14. Video Flag, ( ) 70 video monitors, 4 laser disc players, computer, timers, electrical devices, wood and metal housing on rubber wheels, 94 3/8 x 139 3/4 x 47 3/4 in.

15. Nam June Paik in collaboration with Norman Ballard, Paul Garrin, David Hartnett, and Stephen Vitiello, Modulation in Sync, Three-channel video and stereo sound installation with 100 monitors, seven projectors, two lasers, water, mirrors, projection screens, and metal structure, variable dimensions

16. Laurie Anderson (US b. 1947)
Duets on Ice, performance in
New York City and Genoa, Italy, , playing Bach while wearing ice skates embedded in ice. When ice melted the performance ended.
Compare Edouard Manet
The Old Musician, 1862, artist
as wanderer, ragpicker, outcast

17. Laurie Anderson, Performance United States Part II, 1980 The Orpheum, New York; (right) album covers United States I-IV, 1984

18. Anderson, United States Part I, 980, Orpheum Theater Multiple disjunctive narratives. Voice through the harmonizer shifts from “voice of authority (deep, masculine) to female (her own). The woman repeatedly asks “Hello, excuse me, can you tell me where I am?” The response is “You can read the signs.”

19. Anderson’s United States Part I opens with her modified voice-of-authority reading:
A certain American religious sect has been looking at conditions of the world during the Flood. According to their calculations, during the Flood the winds, tides and currents were in an overall southeasterly direction. This would mean that in order for Noah's Ark to have ended up on Mount Ararat, it would have to have started out several thousand miles to the west. This would then locate pre-Flood civilization somewhere in the area of Upstate New York, and the Garden of Eden roughly in New York City. Now, in order to get from one place to another, something must move. No one in New York remembers moving, and there are no traces of Biblical history in the Upstate New York area. So we are led to the only available conclusion in this time warp, and that is that the Ark has simply not left yet.

20. (below right) Poster from Anderson’s The End of the Moon, 2005, BAM performance (top) at NASA as the agency’s first artist-in-residence, 2004

21. Video performance: Bruce Nauman, Stamping in the Studio, 1968, 60 minutes (excerpt, 5 minutes) From: Rewind: Video Art and Alternative Media in the United States Media N 6494.V53 S Program 2: “Investigations of the Phenomenal World: Space, Sound, and Light”

22. Video performance: Martha Rosler, Vital Statistics of a Citizen, Simply Obtained 38 minutes “I did my best to interrupt voyeurism by having a long shot – a stationary shot that fatigues the viewer and diminishes aspects of the character’s presence on the screen. It becomes boring to look at something without camera mobility and without reaction shots. (Rosler, 1981) From: Rewind: Video Art and Alternative Media in the United States Media N 6494.V53 S Program 4: Gendered Confrontations

23. Video performance: Nam June Paik, Merce by Merce by Paik 28 minutes A tribute to choreographer Merce Cunningham and artist Marcel Duchamp Video was choreographed for 2-D monitor screen by Cunningham. Audio includes voices of John Cage and Jasper Johns. Part 2 is by Paik and Shigeko Kubota and includes montage-interview with Marcel Duchamp and meeting between Cunningham and Leo Castelli. “I think I understand time better than the video artists who came from painting-sculpture. Music is the manipulation of time. All music forms have different structures and buildup. As painters understand abstract space, I understand abstract time. Nam June Paik, From: Rewind: Video Art and Alternative Media in the United States Media N 6494.V53 S Program 5: Performance of Video-Imaging Tools