1. An Introduction to Philosophy

2. What is Philosophy ? What are your thoughts or ideas?

3. What is Philosophy ? There are many, many definitions of “philosophy” Philosophy concerns itself with the most fundamental human questions about reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language

4. Basic Human Questions

6. Ancient Evidence of Ideas

7. More Conventional Early Writing Indus Script @ 2000 BCE Phoenician Alphabet 1000 BCE Plato’s Writing 370 BCE Tao te ching 300 BCE

8. Closer to Home In Mesoamerica Mayan Codex @ 500 CE Mixtec in Oaxaca @ 1000 CE Mexica Migration Story @ 1400 CE

9. Mesoamerican Codex Early Writing

10. The Axial Age 900-200 BCE “The spiritual foundations of humanity were laid simultaneously and independently and these are the foundations upon which humanity still subsists today.” Karl Jaspers, 1949

11. Parsva & Mahavira: Jainism Siddhartha Gautama: Buddhism Hinduism India Confucius: Confucianism Laozi: Taoism China Socrates, Plato, & Aristotle: Western Philosophy Greece Elijah, Isaiah, & Jeremiah: Judaism, Christianity, Islam Zarathustra: Zoroastrianism Middle East Oral Traditions & Folkways Mesoamerica / Africa The Axial Age 900-200 BCE

12. By the Middle Ages 500-1500 Human inquiry into higher learning had been divided into just four fields: 1.Theology 2.Medicine 3.Law 4. Philosophy

13. In fact, For the past thousand years, people who study almost any field at the highest level are awarded a “Ph. D.” Doctor of Philosophy Degree

14. Over the centuries… Broad human inquiry into these basic questions has evolved into some subsets or sub-disciplines within the general field of Philosophy

15. Philosophy Ontology Epistemology AestheticsEthicsLogicApplied Branches within Philosophy

16. Ontology: what exists, and what is the nature of reality? Epistemology: what is knowledge, and how do we know things? Ethics: how should we live and behave? What are right and wrong, moral and immoral? Logic: what is correct reasoning? Aesthetics: how are standards for beauty, taste, humor, comfort arrived at?

17. Fields of Applied Philosophy Philosophy of Education Philosophy of Politics or Government Philosophy of Art Philosophy of Medicine or Health Care Philosophy of Science Philosophy of Business Philosophy of History Etc.

18. Focus of HCOM 301 Basic Philosophy Ontology ☚ Epistemology ☚ Ethics ☚ Logic Aesthetics Applied Philosophy Philosophy of Education Philosophy of Politics or Government Philosophy of Art Philosophy of Medicine or Health Care Philosophy of Science Philosophy of Business Philosophy of Life ☚ (Worldviews)

20. Assignment on 8-26