1. Information about PSSA Open-ended Questions for all subjects Hollidaysburg Area Junior High School

2. An open-ended question is a text-based question that requires a student to make connections to the reading. In order to be successful on an open-ended item, a student must respond to all parts of the question.

3.  According to data, girls perform better than boys.  By 6 th grade, students’ scores start to decline.  They continue to decline in 7 th grade. There are possibly two reasons for these statistics. First, the passages become longer and the poorer readers give up. Also, boys, traditionally the poorer readers, don’t try very hard to answer open-ended questions because they are “only worth three points.”  Open-ended items account for at least 20-25% of the test. Students who ignore them put themselves at a disadvantage.  Open-ended questions do NOT have “yes” or “no” answers.  Open-ended questions do NOT have only one answer.  For most open-ended items, students are given a number of points to include. For example, a students may be asked to “Give two examples of how the...”

4. Teach that open-ended questions use specific language to tell students what they are to answer. Therefore, it would be helpful if your students knew the meanings of these words: Analyze - break the topic into parts and explain Explain – describe the topic with details Compare – show how two things are alike Contrast – show how two things are different Define – tell the meaning of a word with details Demonstrate – show, give an example, or give evidence Describe – tell about or give details about something Justify – give good reasons that support a decision List – name or number items or details Prove – show that something is true by giving facts Summarize – briefly cover the main points in paragraph form

5. After reading the essay titled “The Eternal Frontier” by Louis L’Amour, state the author’s purpose for writing. Use two facts from the text to support your answer.

6. Joe sells small and large cakes. He sells large cakes for $12 and small cakes for $8. If you buy two large cakes and four small cakes, how much money would you spend? Show and explain all work.

7. State whether or not you believe viruses to be living, and give at least two reasons that would support your position.

8. After reading the chapter on the American Revolution, identify and explain two advantages the Patriots had over the British to win the war.

9.  R estate the main question or the main idea from the text.  A nswer every question that is asked. Cite evidence from the selection to support your restatement.  T ie your answers to the text in however many ways you’re asked!

10.  0=insufficient  1=partially sufficient  2=sufficient  3=exemplary  0 and 1 = not passing  2 and 3 = passing

11. 0 Insufficient 1 Partially Sufficient 2 Sufficient 3 Exemplary  has insufficient material for scoring  has an incorrect interpretation of the text  Leaving it blank!  has an incomplete answer to the task (e.g., indicating either a misunderstanding of the task or no text- based details)  has insufficient or inappropriate details or examples  has a partial answer to the task with at least one text-based detail  attempts to provide sufficient, appropriate details (e.g., naming, describing, or explaining) or examples  provides a complete answer (e.g., a statement that offers a correct answer as well as text-based support)  provides specific and accurate details (e.g., naming describing, or explaining) or examples

12.  No matter what subject you teach, you can create and practice open- ended questions.  More practice in responding to open-ended questions = better student scores and improvement in critical thinking skills.