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CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber

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Presentation on theme: "CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber"— Presentation transcript:

1 CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber r.akber@qut.edu.au

2 Source Receptor SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

3 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

4 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity Environment SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

5 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity Environment Human SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

6 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity Environment Human PublicProfessional SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

7 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity Environment Human PublicProfessional On siteOff site SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT

8 Source Receptor Radiation Radioactivity Environment Human PublicProfessional Critical group On siteOff site SOURCE – RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIP IN NORM IMPACT ASSESSMENT Working in Shifts, Adults

9 Time IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

10 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation

11 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

12 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

13 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

14 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

15 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

16 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Break through Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

17 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Break through Slow Release Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM

18 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Impact Break through Slow Release Limit IMPACT TIME SERIES OF A PRACTICE INVOLVING NORM Recovery

19 IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Time Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation Pre - Operation

20 IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER …. Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals

21 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

22 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

23 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

24 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

25 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

26 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

27 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

28 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options IMPACT TIME SERIES PLEASE CONSIDER ….

29 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options

30 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options

31 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research your options – consider scenarios On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options

32 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research your options – consider scenarios Develop an action plan for post-rehabilitation site maintenance On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options

33 Time Pre - Operation Operation Rehabilitation Post Rehabilitation A different land use exists – ask locals Establish a base-line value for NORM and NORM impact Include NORM management in consultative process such as EIS. Decisions to be made, actions and to be taken during operational phase Include NORM in consultative process for post rehabilitation land use Research options – consider scenarios Develop an action plan for post-rehabilitation site maintenance On-site access can be regulated PPT, Training Spillage & contamination controls Monitoring regimes NORM budget – input, output, waste Assess off-site impact of NORM Include NORM in planning – operational plans, rehabilitation plans, walk-away plans Research your options

34 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM

35 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Taken from International Standards Measurement Model

36 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Field measurements and observations Sample collection for lab analysis Written records Discussions

37 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Controlled by the nature of the radioisotope involved and transport medium (air, surface water, ground water) Transport models applied to a problem may agree within a factor of 10 Complicated models may not necessarily be more accurate and reliable than simple models Most important is the need for site specific measurements for model input and model validation

38 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Selection of parameters leading to a conservative approach adequate for demonstrating compliance with limits. A best estimate approach for comparison of options in decision making. Vector transport may require a consideration. Different transport pathways may be more important for different sites (eg downwind vs. downstream) Some pathways may exhibit with a time lag (eg groundwater)

39 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Factors such as occupancy, age and lifestyle and activities can influence the dose estimate. Report conditions for which the dose has been reported (eg inhalation dose due to all time outdoor occupancy by juveniles in a town 10km from the site) For post rehabilitation planning, consider different demographic scenarios.

40 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Taken from International Standards Measurement Model Dose limits apply to practices

41 NORM SOURCE TRANSPORT RECEPTOR DOSE RISK / DETRIMENT LAYERS OF ASSESSMENT IN NORM Link between Dose and Risk is subject to uncertainties and may change with time

42 CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber r.akber@qut.edu.au

43 NORM is everywhere UNSCEAR 2000 Table 3 p 114 http://www.unscear.org/pdffiles/annexb.pdf Naturally occurring radionuclides : 59 Cosmogenic 14, Lithogenic 45 238 U + series (14) 232 Th + series (11) 235 U + series (15) 40 K 7 Be, many more …

44 NORM is everywhere NORM

45 NORM is everywhere NORM

46 NORM is everywhere NORM Remedial actions may be necessary

47 NORM is everywhere NORM Remedial actions may be necessary TENORM Regulatory controls apply

48 NORM is everywhere UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 RADIATION ATLAS EU Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y -1 Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals.

49 NORM is everywhere UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 RADIATION ATLAS EU Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y -1 25% < 1 mSv.y -1 65% 1-3 10% >3 Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals.

50 NORM is everywhere UNSCEAR 2000 Para 197 p 112 RADIATION ATLAS EU Global average for all people 2.4 mSv.y -1 25% < 1 mSv.y -1 65% 1-3 10% >3 Ambient distribution of NORM does give a significant radiation dose to individuals. There is a natural variability in NORM distribution

51 238 U 4.47x10 9 y 226 Ra 1600 y 214 Pb 26.8 m 222 Rn 3.82 d 218 Po 3.1 m 234 Th 24.1 d 234m Pa 1.18 m 234 U 2.5x10 5 y 230 Th 7.5x10 4 y 206 Pb Stable 210 Pb 22.3 y 214 Bi 19.7 m 214 Po 164 µs 210 Bi 5.01 d 210 Po 138 d NORM – 238 U series

52 238 U 4.47x10 9 y 226 Ra 1600 y 214 Pb 26.8 m 222 Rn 3.82 d 218 Po 3.1 m 234 Th 24.1 d 234m Pa 1.18 m 234 U 2.5x10 5 y 230 Th 7.5x10 4 y 206 Pb Stable 210 Pb 22.3 y 214 Bi 19.7 m 214 Po 164 µs 210 Bi 5.01 d 210 Po 138 d 4.4 x 10 -5 2.8 x 10 -4 2.1 x 10 -4 4.9 x 10 -5 6.8 x 10 -4 2.4 x 10 -4 NORM – 238 U series Dose coefficient (mSv.Bq -1 ) Ingestion ICRP 68

53 238 U 4.47x10 9 y 226 Ra 1600 y 214 Pb 26.8 m 222 Rn 3.82 d 218 Po 3.1 m 234 Th 24.1 d 234m Pa 1.18 m 234 U 2.5x10 5 y 230 Th 7.5x10 4 y 206 Pb Stable 210 Pb 22.3 y 214 Bi 19.7 m 214 Po 164 µs 210 Bi 5.01 d 210 Po 138 d 7.3 x 10 -3 5.7 x 10 -3 8.5 x 10 -3 6.8 x 10 -3 4.0 x 10 -2 1.3 x 10 -2 1.6 x 10 -3 1.2 x 10 -3 8.9 x 10 -4 1.1 x 10 -3 6.0 x 10 -4 6.1 x 10 -7 NORM – 238 U series Dose coefficient (mSv.Bq -1 ) Inhalation ICRP 68 AMAD 1  m AMAD 5  m

54 238 U 4.47x10 9 y 226 Ra 1600 y 214 Pb 26.8 m 222 Rn 3.82 d 218 Po 3.1 m 234 Th 24.1 d 234m Pa 1.18 m 234 U 2.5x10 5 y 230 Th 7.5x10 4 y 206 Pb Stable 210 Pb 22.3 y 214 Bi 19.7 m 214 Po 164 µs 210 Bi 5.01 d 210 Po 138 d NORM – 238 U series Radon & progeny

55 238 U 4.47x10 9 y 226 Ra 1600 y 214 Pb 26.8 m 222 Rn 3.82 d 218 Po 3.1 m 234 Th 24.1 d 234m Pa 1.18 m 234 U 2.5x10 5 y 230 Th 7.5x10 4 y 206 Pb Stable 210 Pb 22.3 y 214 Bi 19.7 m 214 Po 164 µs 210 Bi 5.01 d 210 Po 138 d NORM – 238 U series External gamma

56 CRITICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS FOR RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT Riaz Akber r.akber@qut.edu.au

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