2. HIV diagnosis (general) ImmunoassaysNAT (PCR) 10 20 30 40 50

3. HIV diagnosis (general) Serologic tests for HIV infection are based upon detection of IgG antibodies against HIV-1 antigens in serum

4. HIV diagnosis (general) Yes but not only IgG

5. HIV diagnosis (general) HIV-specific IgG antibodies appear 6 to 12 weeks following HIV infection in the majority of patients

6. HIV diagnosis (general) Yes

7. HIV diagnosis (general) HIV-specific IgG antibodies appear by six months in all HIV infected patients

8. HIV diagnosis (general) HIV-specific IgG antibodies appear by six months in 95 percent of patients

9. HIV diagnosis (general) Name 2 of the most specific tests to diagnose HIV

10. HIV diagnosis (general) Viral culture NAT (PCR)

11. HIV diagnosis (general) Explain the difference between an HIV EIA test and an HIV ELISA test

12. HIV diagnosis (general) EIA: conjugated HIV antigens on the plate  not “sandwich method”; 3 rd and 4th generation are “sandwich methods”;

13. Immunoassays-10 The standard screening assay for detecting antibodies to HIV is an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A confirmatory Western blot is performed if the screening test is positive to exclude a false positive test.

14. Immunoassays-10 Yes

15. Immunoassays-20 The most common cause of a false negative HIV antibody test in a high-risk patient is that the assay is being conducted during the "window period" of acute HIV infection prior to seroconversion

16. Immunoassays-20 Yes

17. Immunoassays - 30 False negative HIV antibody tests have been reported among participants in HIV vaccine trials

18. Immunoassays - 30 False: Positive HIV antibody tests have been reported among participants in HIV vaccine trials.

19. Immunoassays - 40 An AA patient from Cameroon presents with acute febrile illness, skin rash and lymphadenopathy 3 weeks after a high risk exposure. What tests should you order?

20. Immunoassays - 40 At least second generation immunoassay and also NAT testing for HIV-2

21. Immunoassays - 50 The patient with an indeterminate result with an HIV rapid test should have repeat testing in one to two months with a)rapid serologies b)Standard serologies c)Rapid OR standard serologies

22. Immunoassays - 50 C: The patient with an indeterminate result should have repeat testing in one to two months with rapid or standard serologies PLUS viral NAT

23. NAT (PCR)- 10 The major limitations of these assays include cost, the requirement for venipuncture, and time interval between sample collection and test results

24. NAT (PCR)- 10 Correct

25. NAT (PCR)- 20 The viral NAT should always be used to diagnose acute HIV infection

26. NAT (PCR)- 20 Only if there is clinical suspicion

27. NAT (PCR)- 30 Quantitative HIV RNA is the preferred test for staging and therapeutic monitoring

28. NAT (PCR)- 30 Correct

29. NAT (PCR)- 40 A HIV-infected mother on ART delivers a baby. Which test will best rule out HIV infection in the baby? A) RNA qual PCR B) DNA PCR C) 4 th generation immunoassays D) Neither of the above. The baby will need long term follow up with serial tests

30. NAT (PCR)- 40 B

31. NAT (PCR)- 50 An AA patient from Cameroon presents with acute febrile illness, skin rash and lymphadenopathy 3 weeks after a high risk exposure. What tests should you order? a) 4 th or 3 rd generation immunoassay b) a + standard HIV PCR available in the clinical lab C) a+ contact reference lab for appropriate PCR testing D) None of the standard tests will rule out completely the possibility of HIV infection

32. NAT (PCR)- 50 D