1. SC ICT Certification Level 1 09 What Is The Internet? By Ross Parker

2. The Internet wikipedia.org: “The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that interchange data by packet switching using the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a ‘network of networks’...”

3. The Internet is simply a communications channel! The Internet is not IM, The Internet is not P2P, The Internet is not Chat, The Internet is not Email, The Internet is not The Web: The Internet is simply a communications channel! The Internet facilitates these applications

4. Visualise It! Partial map of the Internet based on the January 15, 2005 data found on opte.org. Each line is drawn between two nodes, representing two IP addresses. The length of the lines are indicative of the delay between those two nodes. Lines are colour-coded as follows: * Dark blue: net, ca, us * Green: com, org * Red: mil, gov, edu * Yellow: jp, cn, tw, au, de * Magenta: uk, it, pl, fr * Gold: br, kr, nl * White: unknown Source: Matt Britt, Wikimedia Commons

5. Simplify It! PC Printer PC Switch & Firewall The Internet Why a cloud? The Internet Why a cloud? LAN Switch & Firewall LAN Server

6. 1945 Vannevar Bush publishes paper on Memex machine 1957 USSR launches Sputnik 1958 USA forms ARPA 1960 J.C.R. Licklider publishes "Man-Computer Symbiosis" 1961 Leonard Kleinrock publishes “Information Flow in Large Communication Nets" 1966 Larry Roberts publishes "Towards a Cooperative Network of Time-Shared Computers" 1969 ARPAnet commissioned by USA DoD: 4 nodes 1971 ARPAnet: 15 nodes w/ 23 hosts 1973 ARPAnet extends to England and Norway 1973 Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn propose “internetwork” 1976 Queen Elizabeth II sends an email 1979 USENET established 1982 TCP/IP established 1983 IP-capable UNIX workstations available 1984 DNS Introduced 1,000+ hosts 1986 Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) born 1988 Internet Relay Chat (IRC) developed by Jarkko Oikarinen 1989 100,000+ hosts 1991 World-Wide Web (WWW) released by CERN; Tim Berners-Lee 1992 1,000,000+ hosts 1993 Mosaic breaks! WWW grows at 341,634% per annum 1995 Commercial access via dial-up 1997 Browser wars 1999 40,000,000+ hosts 2005 350,000,000+ hosts History of the Internet Theory Development Growth Explosion!

7. Important Strands Move from single machines to networked machines –WAN first, then LAN Move from isolated networks to internetworks Move from academic to commercial use Move from organisational to personal use Growth in range and richness of applications

8. Astounding Growth Can you imagine a bridge that can handle this growth in traffic? This is robust engineering. And it was a largely open process…

9. Licensing All original work used here is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. For more details please look at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. This license has been chosen to permit a high degree of sharing, whilst protecting the author’s control as to how the content is used. Please respect this license and use accordingly! Recycled and borrowed works from other sources are used under appropriate licenses, which are not affected by this license. The original source is always given. All original work created by Ross Parker (Sha Tin College, English Schools Foundation, Hong Kong), except where specified.