1. 1492 End of the Middle Ages? Renaissance (“rebirth”): Starting in Italy in 14th c. Spreading to rest of Europe in later 15th c. Continuing until early 17th c.

2. 1422-61 Reign of Charles VII BurgundyAnjouOrleansBourbon 1461-83 Reign of Louis XI Takes control of Anjou, Orleans, Bourbon 1467 Accession of Charles the Rash of Burgundy

3. Map Link: France in 1453 (bottom map): <http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/ shepherd_1911/shepherd-c-081.jpgshepherd_1911/shepherd-c-081.jpg>

4. Charles attempts to conquer Alsace and Lorraine Opposed by machinations of Louis, but initially successful 1476 Charles’ forces defeated by Swiss (twice)

5. Map Link: Burgundian Territories during the Reign of Charles the Rash: <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/ Karte_Haus_Burgund_4_EN.png/426px-Karte_Haus _Burgund_4_EN.png_Burgund_4_EN.png>

6. 1477 Charles killed at Nancy Mary, daughter of Charles, marries heir to Holy Roman Empire Burgundy passes to France Low Countries pass to Holy Roman Empire

7. Renaissance Religion: Flagellants Visionaries and preachers Saints (e.g Catherine of Siena, canonised 1461) Religion in art (e.g. by Michelangelo Buonarroti [1475-1564])

8. Columbus: a religious missionary? Protestant Reformation Catholic Counter-Reformation Martin Luther (1483-1546) - influence of Hus and Wycliffe

9. Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1342-1400) Canterbury Tales Bureaucrat, diplomat, court poet Spent some time in Italy Translated the Romance of the Rose into (Middle) English

10. Renaissance Humanism: Study of Classical works to emulate virtues and learning of ancient world Understand and address human position in world through Classical tradition Christine de Pizan (c. 1363-c. 1429)

11. “Three Crowns of Florence”: Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) Francesco Petrarch (1304-74) Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-75)

12. Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) The Divine Comedy InfernoVirgil PurgatorioBeatrice ParadisoSt Bernard of Clairvaux 1290s Involved in politics 1302 Exiled from Florence

13. Giotto di Bondone (c. 1277-1337) Masaccio (1401-c. 1428)