1. Leksička semantika i pragmatika 3. predavanje

2. Machine Translation The Story of the Stone –=The Dream of the Red Chamber (Cao Xueqin 1792) Issues: (“Language Divergences”) –Sentence segmentation –Zero-anaphora –Coding of tense/aspect –Penetrate -> penetrated –Stylistic differences across languages Bamboo tip plaintain leaf -> bamboos and plantains –Cultural knowledge Curtain -> curtains of her bed

3. Machine Translation Chinese gloss: Dai-yu alone on bed top think-of-with-gratitude Bao- chai again listen to window outside bamboo tip plantain leaf of on- top rain sound sigh drop clear cold penetrate curtain not feeling again fall down tears come Hawkes translation: As she lay there alone, Dai-yu’s thoughts turned to Bao-chai… Then she listened to the insistent rustle of the rain on the bamboos and plantains outside her window. The coldness penetrated the curtains of her bed. Almost without noticing it she had begun to cry.

4. Language Families

5. Babelfish Demo http://babelfish.yahoo.com/ Old example: The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.