1. Gradual Earth Changes Sudden Earth Changes Landforms Natural Resources The Earth 100 200 300 400 500

2. The gradual breaking down of rock into smaller pieces by water and wind is called

3. Weathering

4. The movement of weathered particles is called

5. Erosion

6. Small particles of silt, sand, and soil are called

7. Sediment

8. A large mountain of ice that gradually travels downhill, changing the surface of the earth as it goes, is called a

9. Glacier

10. When water gradually wears away rock underground, this can form.

11. A cave (or a sinkhole)

12. The movement of the earth’s plates can cause

13. Volcanoes and earthquakes

14. A mountain that forms as lava flows through a crack in earth’s surface is a

15. Volcano

16. A type of volcano that is made of layers of lava, rock and ash and erupts explosively is a

17. Composite volcano or Stratovolcano

18. The shaking of earth’s surface due to the movement of rock in the crust is

19. An earthquake

20. When great amounts of soil and rock slide down a slope due to water and gravity or an earthquake, it is called a

21. Landslide

22. When two of the earth’s plates meet, sometimes the edges crush and fold. This creates

23. A mountain chain (or mountains)

24. Are landforms usually created by the earth changing rapidly or slowly?

25. Slowly

26. An area with higher land around it, and that stretches between mountains or hills is a

27. Valley

28. The Grand Canyon was caused by

29. Water erosion

30. Two landforms caused by the movement of sand and sediment are

31. Deltas and dunes

32. Naturally occurring materials that humans can use for energy, building, growing crops, etc. are

33. Natural resources

34. Natural resources that cannot be replaced are called

35. Non-renewable resources

36. A type of soil that can be used to make bricks and pottery is

37. Clay

38. Sources of energy, such as coal and oil, that come from the remains of ancient oceans or swampy forests are called

39. Fossil fuels

40. Two examples of hard rocks that can be used for building, statues, etc, are

41. Granite and marble

42. Earth has three main layers. They are:

43. The crust, the mantle, and the core

44. The earth’s crust is broken into sections called

45. Tectonic plates (or just plates)

46. Cracks in the earth’s crust are called

47. Faults

48. Melted rock within the earth is called

49. Magma

50. Scientists can predict earthquakes by using an instrument called a

51. Seismograph